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Genetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescents KU Leuven
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the variation in somatotype, physical fitness, and their mutual associations. METHODS: Twins from 214 pairs (87 monozygotic) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal, from 3 to 18 years of age (51% girls) were assessed in anthropometry and physical fitness tests. We estimated endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy based on anthropometric measures and physical ...
Somatotype, training and performance in Ironman athletes Vrije Universiteit Brussel
The aim of this study was to describe the physiques of Ironman athletes and the relationship between Ironman's performance, training and somatotype. A total of 165 male and 22 female competitors of the Ironman Switzerland volunteered in this study. Ten anthropometric dimensions were measured, and 12 training and history variables were recorded with a questionnaire. The variables were compared with the race performance. The somatotype was a ...
Optimal Control of a Turbulent Mixing Layer (Optimale beïnvloeding van een turbulente menglaag) KU Leuven
In turbulent flows relatively small perturbations can grow strongly and, for example, reduce drag or enhance mixing of two fluids. This enables flow control with actuators. A general description, in time and space, of the flow perturbations induced by the actuators immediately involves many parameters. Optimisation of these parameters leads to the optimal perturbations. Numerical optimisation of flow control is within reach thanks to the recent ...
Turbulence Closure Models for Plasma Edge Simulations of Magnetically Confined Fusion Reactors KU Leuven
The absence of greenhouse gas emissions, the widely available fuel, the inherent safety and the limited nuclear waste make nuclear fusion an attractive option for our future electricity supply. However, a number of technological challenges still stand, one of which is the high heat and particle load on the divertor. Turbulent transport processes largely determine the outward heat and particle fluxes and thus the efficiency of the plasma ...
The Left Hand Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Does Not Discriminate World-Class Female Gymnasts from Age Matched Sedentary Girls KU Leuven
INTRODUCTION: The second to fourth-digit-ratio (2D:4D), a putative marker of prenatal androgen action and a sexually dimorphic trait, has been suggested to be related with sports performance, although results are not univocal. If this relation exists, it is most likely to be detected by comparing extreme groups on the continuum of sports performance. METHODS: In this study the 2D:4D ratio of world-class elite female artistic gymnasts (n = 129), ...
A new species of Anomaloglossus (Anura: Aromobatidae) of the stepheni group with the redescription of A. baeobatrachus (Boistel and de Massary, 1999), and an amended definition of A. leopardus Ouboter and Jairam, 2012 Universiteit Antwerpen Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Anomaloglossus is a species-rich genus of frogs endemic to the Guiana Shield that still harbors several unnamed species. Within the A. stepheni species group (which includes four valid nominal species), A. baeobatrachus has an uncertain taxonomic status, notably because the holotype was an unvouchered specimen depicted in a popular journal. Another member of this group, A. leopardus, was only superficially described, lacking information on the ...
Cryptic diversity in Amazonian frogs: Integrative taxonomy of the genus Anomaloglossus (Amphibia: Anura: Aromobatidae) reveals a unique case of diversification within the Guiana Shield Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Antwerpen
Lack of resolution on species boundaries and distribution can hamper inferences in many fields of biology, notably biogeography and conservation biology. This is particularly true in megadiverse and undersurveyed regions such as Amazonia, where species richness remains vastly underestimated. Integrative approaches using a combination of phenotypic and molecular evidence have proved extremely successful in reducing knowledge gaps in species ...
Digit ratio (2D:4D) and competition level in world-class female gymnasts KU Leuven
Abstract In this study the relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and artistic gymnastics performance and competition level was investigated in a sample of Caucasian world-class female gymnasts (n = 145). The sample was divided into three competition events (compulsories, free work, final score). Within each event three performance groups (lowest, middle, and highest) were based on the competition scores gathered at the World Championships ...
Heritabilities of Somatotype Components in a Population from Rural Mozambique KU Leuven
There have been few genetic studies of normal variation in body size and composition conducted in Africa. In particular, the genetic determinants of somatotype remain to be established for an African population. (1) To estimate the heritabilities of aspects of somatotype and (2) to compare the quantitative genetic effects in an African population to those that have been assessed in European and American populations. The sample composed of 329 ...