Cannabis-related treatment demands in Belgium : a socio-demographic and treatment seeking profile

Aims: Most people appear to stop using cannabis when getting older, but a certain subgroup becomes cannabis dependent, has problems on various life areas and needs treatment. Our aim is to compare treatment seekers with primary cannabis problems to those with primary alcohol, opiate, amphetamine or cocaine problems on a number of socio-demographic and treatment seeking variables. Understanding how primary cannabis users seeking treatment differ from other treatment seekers may assist clinicians in better tailoring treatment processes to clientsU+2019 needs.Methods: For this purpose, intake information on 1 626 persons seeking treatment in one of 16 treatment agencies in the province of Antwerp (Belgium) was registered via an on-line web application. Primary cannabis users seeking treatment were compared with primary alcohol, opiate, amphetamine and cocaine users by means of bivariate analyses (Chi-square tests and analyses of variance), followed by four logistic regression analyses. Findings: 14.5% of all clients had cannabis as their primary drug. Compared to primary alcohol, opiate, amphetamine or cocaine users seeking treatment, cannabis users seeking treatment appeared to be male, younger than 30 years old, Belgian and student. They are often referred to treatment by police or justice and 43.6% of them can be considered U+201CsingleU+201D cannabis users. Multivariate analyses showed that besides age and gender, using no other substances than the primary drug and being registered in outpatient facilities only were significant determinants for being a primary cannabis user seeking treatment. Conclusions: Primary cannabis users can clearly be differentiated from other drug users seeking treatment. Although cannabis plays an important part in a polydrug use pattern, persons who have cannabis as their primary drug are often using only this one substance. Since they have often brief contacts with treatment agencies, more research is needed to measure the effect of this brief intervention.