Navigating in an uncertain environment requires attention to focus on the relevant locations and features. Despite being intuitively easy to grasp in terms of its effects, the concept of attention has been theoretically elusive. Recently, the Bayesian fra
The idea that automatic (e.g., unintentional) behavior such as the automatic evaluation of a stimulus (e.g., a snake), is the outcome of processes that operate on the basis of mental associations whereas reasoning or belief-based processes drive more cont
The proposed project will focus on the experiences of LGBTQ students, namely students who are lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB), who have a gender identity that is different from their biological sex (Transgender), who refuse traditional notions of dichotom
For many health problems, multiple treatment alternatives are available. A major challenge then is to identify optimal decision rules or treatment regimes that specify the preferable treatment alternative for each individual client, based on that client’s pattern of pretreatment characteristics. An optimal decision rule is one leading to the best possible result when applied to the whole target population of clients under study. While ...
Affect research relies on intensive longitudinal data nowadays to understand the dynamics underneath affective functioning. To unravel them, vector autoregressive (VAR) models, in which affective states are regressed upon each other over time, have become especially popular. Theoretical work, however, emphasizes the notion of regulatory flexibility, suggesting that affective dynamics depend on and thus change with context. To empirically ...
Belonging denotes the social grounding of people’s sense of self in their relationships with others. This process connects critical individual outcomes - such as (poor) health, (under)achievement, civic (dis)engagement - to the social environment. As our social world is becoming increasingly culturally diverse, a lack of belonging of (some) cultural minorities causes public concern, and there is an urgent need to better understand the ...
Attention allows to attend to relevant information in the environment while suppressing irrelevant
one. It can operate based on multiple cues available at a given time. Usually a dichotomy is
proposed in the existing literature between bottom-up (or stimulus-driven) and top-down (or
goalrelated) attention control effects. Yet, changes in motivation are usually not considered in this
dominant framework, although it can ...
Should I study the cereal options in the supermarket again or pick this one? Should I commit to
buying this house now, or have another expert make an inspection? Many decisions, from the trivial
to the life changing, require a judgment as to when to stop gathering information and commit to a
decision. They require a balance between rushing into a decision (risking a mistake), and taking
longer than you need (wasting ...
Cognitive control is an important ability that allows us to exert more self-control (e.g., refrain from
drinking and driving), and has been shown to correlate positively with various markers of success in
modern society (e.g., better exam scores, greater job success). Consequently, many psychologists
wonder whether cognitive control can be trained. Thus far, despite several attempts, training
studies have been ...
Both within common understandings and scientific studies on migration, a strong distinction is often
made between U+2018forced migrantU+2019 and U+2018voluntary migrantsU+2019 to understand the impact of migration on
those who move. At the same time, the recognition is growing that most migrants experiences
elements of force ánd choice in their migration decision process. This study aims to improve the
understanding of the ...