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Uric acid is released in the brain during seizure activity and increases severity of seizures in a mouse model for acute limbic seizures Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent

Lisa Thyrion, Robrecht Raedt, Jeanelle Portelli, Pieter Van Loo, Wytse J Wadman, Griet Glorieux, Bart N Lambrecht, Sophie Janssens, Kristl Vonck, Paul Boon, et al.

Recent evidence points at an important role of endogenous cell-damage induced pro-inflammatory molecules in the generation of epileptic seizures. Uric acid, under the form of monosodium urate crystals, has shown to have pro-inflammatory properties in the body, but less is known about its role in seizure generation. This study aimed to unravel the contribution of uric acid to seizure generation in a mouse model for acute limbic seizures. We ...

L-theanine intake increases threshold for limbic seizures but decreases threshold for generalized seizures Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Anneleen Schallier, Katia Vermoesen, Ellen Loyens, Joeri Van Liefferinge
L-theanine, an ethylamide derivate of glutamate found peculiarly in green tea, has been shown to exert beneficial actions in animal models for several neurological disorders. We here studied for the first time the effect of L-theanine intake on seizure susceptibility, using an acute pilocarpine and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) mouse model for studying respectively limbic seizures and primarily generalized seizures. Moreover, we studied the effect of ...

Trans-Modulation of the Somatostatin Type 2A Receptor Trafficking by Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase Decreases Limbic Seizures. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Dimitri De Bundel, Assia Fafouri, Zsolt Csaba, Ellen Loyens, Sophie Lebon, Vincent El Ghouzzi, Stéphane Peineau, Guilan Vodjdani, Foteini Kiagiadaki, Najat Aourz, et al.

UNLABELLED: Within the hippocampus, the major somatostatin (SRIF) receptor subtype, the sst2A receptor, is localized at postsynaptic sites of the principal neurons where it modulates neuronal activity. Following agonist exposure, this receptor rapidly internalizes and recycles slowly through the trans-Golgi network. In epilepsy, a high and chronic release of somatostatin occurs, which provokes, in both rat and human tissue, a decrease in the ...

Unraveling the Effects of GSK-3β Isoform Modulation against Limbic Seizures and in the 6 Hz Electrical Kindling Model for Epileptogenesis Vrije Universiteit Brussel KU Leuven

Najat Aourz, Wissal Allaoui, Ann Van Eeckhaut, Dimitri De Bundel, Ilse Smolders

Two closely related glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) isoforms have been identified in mammals: GSK-3α and GSK-3β. GSK-3β is the most prominent in the central nervous system and was previously shown to control neuronal excitability. We previously demonstrated that indirubin and its structural analogue and the nonselective GSK-3 inhibitor BIO-acetoxime exerted anticonvulsant effects in acute seizure models in zebrafish, mice, and rats. We ...

Anticonvulsant effects of ghrelin receptor ligands against pilocarpine-induced limbic seizures Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Jeanelle Portelli, Luc Ver Donck
Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid-containing bioactive peptide that plays a significant role in various functions, such as in the modulation of appetite, energy and glucose homeostasis. Studies are also implicating this peptide in the pathogenesis of many diseases, namely growth hormone deficiency, obesity and myopathy. This hormone is known to be a natural ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a) of which the mRNA is ...

Anticonvulsant effects of ghrelin receptor ligands against pilocarpine-induced limbic seizures. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Jeanelle Portelli, Luc Ver Donck, Diederik Moechars, Anneleen Schallier
Rationale: Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid-containing bioactive peptide that plays a significant role in various functions, such as in the modulation of appetite, energy and glucose homeostasis. Studies are also implicating this peptide in the pathogenesis of many diseases, namely growth hormone deficiency, obesity and myopathy. This hormone is known to be a natural ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a) of which ...

System xc- deficient mice show decreased susceptibility for limbic seizures as well as for 6-OHDA-induced neurodegeneration Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Anneleen Schallier, S. Kim, Ruani Fernando, Sho Kobayashi, H Miyashita, Heike Beck, Joeri Van Liefferinge, Ellen Loyens, Katia Vermoesen, Shiro Bannai, et al.
Malfunctioning of system xc-, responsible for exchanging intracellular glutamate for extracellular cystine, can cause oxidative stress as well as excitotoxicity, important phenomenons in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and epilepsy.
We used mice lacking xCT (xCT-/- mice), the specific subunit of system xc-, to study in vivo the effect of system xc- deficiency on striatal and hippocampal glutathione content and extracellular ...

Short- and long-term limbic abnormalities after experimental febrile seizures Universiteit Hasselt

Jacobus F. A. Jansen, Evi LEMMENS, Gustav J. Strijkers, Jeanine J. Prompers, Olaf E. M. G. Schijns, M. Eline Kooi, Emile BEULS, Klaas Nicolay, Walter H. Backes, Govert HOOGLAND, et al.
Experimental febrile seizures (FS) are known to promote hyperexcitability of the limbic system and increase the risk for eventual temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Early markers of accompanying microstructural and metabolic changes may be provided by in vivo serial MRI. FS were induced in 9-day old rats by hyperthermia. Quantitative multimodal MRI was applied 24 h and 8 weeks later, in rats with FS and age-matched controls, and comprised hippocampal ...

Vagus nerve stimulation suppresses pilocarpine-induced limbic seizures and increases hippocmapal extracellular noradrenalin concentration Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Alfred Meurs, Ralph Clinckers, Robrecht Raedt, Riem El Tahry, Veerle De Herdt, Kristl Vonck, Paul Boon
RATIONALE:
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment for patients with refractory epilepsy. Increased release of noradrenalin in the hippocampus, caused by altered activity in the locus coeruleus, has been advanced as a possible mechanism of action of VNS in epilepsy. The aim of this study was to simultaneously evaluate the effect of VNS on pilocarpine-induced limbic seizures and on hippocampal EC neurotransmitter ...

Maprotiline mediates concentration-dependent anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects against limbic seizures. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Ralph Clinckers, Tine Zgavc, Anneleen Schallier
Purpose: The neurobiological relationships between epilepsy and depression are receiving increased experimental attention. A key role for limbic monoamines in depression has been established and we recently showed the importance of hippocampal dopamine and serotonin in limbic seizure control. We here evaluated the anticonvulsant effect of the noradrenergic antidepressant maprotiline and screened for associated neurochemical effects on ...