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Functional anatomy of the gibbon forelimb: adaptations to a brachiating lifestyle Koninklijke Maatschappij voor Dierkunde van Antwerpen Universiteit Antwerpen Universiteit Gent
It has been shown that gibbons are able to brachiate with very low mechanical costs. The conversion of muscle activity into smooth, purposeful movement of the limb depends on the morphometry of muscles and their mechanical action on the skeleton. Despite the gibbon's reputation for excellence in brachiation, little information is available regarding either its gross musculoskeletal anatomy or its more detailed muscle-tendon architecture. We ...
Muscle moment arms and function of the siamang forelimb during brachiation Koninklijke Maatschappij voor Dierkunde van Antwerpen Universiteit Antwerpen Universiteit Gent
Moment arms have an important modulating impact on muscle function, as they represent the capacity of the muscle to convert muscle action into limb movements. In the current paper, we provide muscle moment arm data of the forelimb of four siamangs, collected by detailed dissections on unfixed cadavers. The aim of this study is to assess the role of different forelimb muscles during brachiation. Moment arm data are compared with similar published ...
Morphology of the tapir forelimb Universiteit Antwerpen
The shape of the mammalian forelimb is inexorably tied to the functional demands of the species in question. The versatility of this morphological unit has enabled mammals to meet the locomotor needs involved in swimming, flying, climbing, digging and running. Mammals which utilise their forelimbs for walking and running on the ground possess a multitude of forelimb shapes and postures adapted to achieve the basic functions of gravitational ...
Functional adaptations in the forelimb muscles of non-human great apes Koninklijke Maatschappij voor Dierkunde van Antwerpen KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen
The maximum capability of a muscle can be estimated from simple measurements of muscle architecture such as muscle belly mass, fascicle length and physiological cross-sectional area. While the hindlimb anatomy of the non-human apes has been studied in some detail, a comparative study of the forelimb architecture across a number of species has never been undertaken. Here we present data from chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and an orangutan to ...
Comparative forelimb myology and muscular architecture of a juvenile Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) Universiteit Antwerpen
The absence of preserved soft tissues in the fossil record is frequently a hindrance for palaeontologists wishing to investigate morphological shifts in key skeletal systems, such as the limbs. Understanding the soft tissue composition of modern species can aid in understanding changes in musculoskeletal features through evolution, including those pertaining to locomotion. Establishing anatomical differences in soft tissues utilising an extant ...
Morphology and function of the forelimb in arboreal frogs: specializations for grasping ability? Universiteit Antwerpen
Frogs are characterized by a unique morphology associated with their saltatory lifestyle. Although variation in the form and function of the pelvic girdle and associated appendicular system related to specialized locomotor modes such as swimming or burrowing has been documented, the forelimbs have typically been viewed as relatively unspecialized. Yet, previous authors have noted versatility in forelimb function among arboreal frogs associated ...
Convergence in the functional properties of forelimb muscles in carnivorans : adaptations to an arboreal lifestyle? Universiteit Gent
The arboreal environment is complex and irregular and imposes significant constraints on the locomotor ability of vertebrates, resulting in morphological adaptations. Carnivorans are of particular interest because they radiated several times independently into the arboreal milieu, leading to convergence in long bone anatomy. We investigated whether the forelimb muscles show differences in arboreal vs. terrestrial species and tested for ...