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Ethnobotany, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Human Diarrheal Cases in Rwanda Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Noel Gahamanyi, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Emmanuel Dukuzimana, Naasson Tuyiringire, Cheol-Ho Pan, Erick V G Komba

Diarrhea, often caused by microorganisms, has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in Africa. Increased rates of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens have reignited the quest for alternative therapies. This review aimed at identifying medicinal plants used in the treatment of human diarrheal cases in Rwanda and analyzing their ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry. We searched PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, ...

Ethnobotany of wild and semiwild edible fruits used by the Maale and Ari ethnic communities in southern Ethiopia Plantentuin Meise / Agentschap Plantentuin Meise

B. Kidane, L.J.G. van der Maesen, T. van Andel, Zemede Asfaw, Marc[us] Simon Maria Sosef
Wild and semi-wild tree fruit species are important resources in combating food insecurity and providing supplementary diet to rural people. We studied wild and semi-wild fruit species used by the Maale and Ari communities in southern Ethiopia and the conservation status of these resources. We used focus group discussions (n = 18) and individual interviews (n = 144) in three rural kebeles. In total, the two communities used 52 species of wild ...

Indigenous use and bio-efficacy of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa District, Central Nepal Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Yadav Uprety, Hugo Asselin, Emmanuel Boon, Saroj Yadav, Krishna K Shrestha

BACKGROUND: By revealing historical and present plant use, ethnobotany contributes to drug discovery and socioeconomic development. Nepal is a natural storehouse of medicinal plants. Although several ethnobotanical studies were conducted in the country, many areas remain unexplored. Furthermore, few studies have compared indigenous plant use with reported phytochemical and pharmacological properties.

METHODS: Ethnopharmacological data ...

Four Pistacia atlantica subspecies (atlantica, cabulica, kurdica and mutica) Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Ziyad Ben Ahmed, Mohamed Yousfi, Johan Viaene, Bieke Dejaegher, Kristiaan Demeyer, Yvan Vander Heyden

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Pistacia atlantica (wild pistachio) belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, and growing from the Mediterranean basin to central Asia, especially in Iran, Turkey, Iraq and Saudi Arabia where it is extensively used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments related to relieving upper abdominal discomfort and pain, dyspepsia and peptic ulcer.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the diverse biological activities of P. ...

Revision of the African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) Universiteit Gent

P.H. Hoekstra, J.J. Wieringa, P.J.M. Maas, Lars Chatrou
This taxonomic revision of the continental African species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) includes 79 species and one variety. Thirteen new species (M. aestuaria, M. bidaultii, M. confusa, M. glabra, M. hexamera, M. mcphersonii, M. quasilanceolata, M. sterilis, M. submontana, M. suffruticosa, M. ursus, M. vulcanica and M. wieringae) are described and 5 new combinations (M. biglandulosa, M. kenyensis, M. ochroleuca, M. pynaertii and M. seretii) ...

Socio-economic factors influencing **Afzelia africana** Sm. use value and traditional knowledge in Uganda Universiteit Antwerpen

Emmanuel Biara, Anthony Egeru, Sylvanus Mensah, Jenipher Biira Salamula, Mark Marvin Kadigo
Afzelia africana Sm. is a highly valued multi-purpose and overexploited tree species in Africa. Ethnobotany of A. africana can guide its sustainable usage, yet there is limited information on such aspect for the species in Uganda. Here, we assessed use values of A. africana and users’ traditional knowledge, and how they relate to plant parts and socio-economic factors including ethnicity, gender, education, age, marital status, profession, ...

The origin of Oxalis corniculata L. Plantentuin Meise / Agentschap Plantentuin Meise

Quentin J. Groom, Jan Van der Straeten, Ivan Hoste
Background Oxalis corniculata L. is a weed with a world-wide distribution and unknown origin. Though it belongs to a section of the genus from South America, the evidence that this species came from there is weak. Methods We reviewed the evidence for the origin of O. corniculata using herbarium specimens, historic literature and archaeobotanical research. We also summarized ethnobotanical literature to understand where this species is most used ...

A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar Plantentuin Meise / Agentschap Plantentuin Meise Universiteit Gent

Javier Galán Diaz, Kenneth Bauters, Linah Rabarivola, Martin Xanthos, Paul Goetghebeur, Isabel Larridon
A taxonomic revision of the genus Scleria (Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) in Madagascar is presented. Herbarium specimens have been examined and 422 identified to species level. Our results recognise 25 species of Scleria from Madagascar, plus an additional heterotypic variety. Eight species are endemic to Madagascar, two are near endemic, eight taxa are also found on mainland Africa, and eight are widespread tropical taxa. Scleria achtenii is ...

Biodiversity and indigenous management of the endangered non-toxic germplasm of Jatropha curcas L. in the Totonacapan (Mexico), and the implications for its conservation Universiteit Gent

Yolanda Beatriz Vera Castillo, Jesús A Cuevas, Ana G Valenzuela-Zapata, Beatriz Urbano, Fernando González-Andrés
Mexico is a center of diversity of Jatropha curcas. Worldwide there are two groups of germplasm, the toxic and the non-toxic, and most of the biofuels programs are based on toxic germplasm. In the mountains of the Totonacapan (Mexico), non-toxic genotypes have been cultivated for human food from ancient times, and now they are in serious risk of being lost because of the "biofuel program'', as well as the ethnobotanical knowledge about this ...