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Labour laws in preindustrial Europe : the coercion and regulation of wage labour, c.1350-1850 Universiteit Gent
Voor macht en winst: koopmansgilden en collectieve actie in pre-industrieel Europa, een overzicht Universiteit Antwerpen
De Haas en de Schildpad. Stad en staat in pre-industrieel Europa. Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Dat er een wezenlijk verband is tussen stad en staat is intussen uitgebreid vastgesteld in de historiografie. De relaties tussen steden en staten is voorwerp van een breed onderzoeksveld en kan worden benaderd vanuit onderzoek naar culturele, sociale, politiek-institutionele en economische ontwikkelingen. In dit artikel wordt nader gefocust op de relatie tussen steden en het proces van staatsvorming, waarbij oorlogvoering vaak een centrale rol ...
The extent of citizenship in pre-industrial England, Germany, and the Low Countries Universiteit Antwerpen
Citizenship was the main vehicle through which urban authorities granted political and economic rights to their communities. This article estimates the size of the citizenry and citizenship rates for over 30 European towns and cities between 1550 and 1849. While the extent of citizenship varied between European regions and by city size, our estimates show that citizenship was more accessible than previously thought.
The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee Universiteit Antwerpen
Since 1750, land use change and fossil fuel combustion has led to a 46 % increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, causing global warming with substantial societal consequences. The Paris Agreement aims to limiting global temperature increases to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Increasing levels of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), in the atmosphere are the ...
Overview of the DEMO staged design approach in Europe Universiteit Gent
This paper describes the status of the pre-conceptual design activities in Europe to advance the technical basis of the design of a DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant (DEMO) to come in operation around the middle of this century with the main aims of demonstrating the production of few hundred MWs of net electricity, the feasibility of operation with a closed- tritium fuel cycle, and maintenance systems capable of achieving adequate plant ...
Nationwide inventory of mosquito biodiversity (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belgium, Europe Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
To advance our restricted knowledge on mosquito biodiversity and distribution in Belgium, a national inventory started in 2007 (MODIRISK) based on a random selection of 936 collection points in three main environmental types: urban, rural and natural areas. Additionally, 64 sites were selected because of the risk of importing a vector or pathogen in these sites. Each site was sampled once between May and October 2007 and once in 2008 using ...
Nationwide inventory of mosquito biodiversity (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belgium, Europe Universiteit Antwerpen
To advance our restricted knowledge on mosquito biodiversity and distribution in Belgium, a national inventory started in 2007 (MODIRISK) based on a random selection of 936 collection points in three main environmental types: urban, rural and natural areas. Additionally, 64 sites were selected because of the risk of importing a vector or pathogen in these sites. Each site was sampled once between May and October 2007 and once in 2008 using ...