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The first European Antibiotic Awareness Day after a decade of improving outpatient antibiotic use in Belgium Universiteit Antwerpen
Application of mixed-effects models to study the country-specific outpatient antibiotic use in Europe: a tutorial on longitudinal data analysis Universiteit Hasselt KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen
Resistance to antibiotics is a major public health problem and antibiotic use is being increasingly recognized as the main selective pressure driving this resistance. Yearly and quarterly data on outpatient antibiotic use were collected by the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) project for the period 1997-2009 from 33 and 27 European countries, respectively, and expressed in defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per ...
Measuring trends of outpatient antibiotic use in Europe: jointly modelling longitudinal data in defined daily doses and packages Universiteit Hasselt KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen
Objectives: To complement analyses of the linear trend and seasonal fluctuation of European outpatient antibiotic use expressed in defined daily doses (DDD) by analyses of data in packages, to assess the agreement between both measures and to study changes in the number of DDD per package over time. Methods: Data on outpatient antibiotic use, aggregated at the level of the active substance (WHO version 2011) were collected from 2000 to 2007 for ...
Exploring the association between resistance and outpatient antibiotic use expressed as DDDs or packages Universiteit Hasselt Universiteit Antwerpen KU Leuven
Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the association between resistance and outpatient antibiotic use, expressed as either DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) or packages per 1000 inhabitants per day (PID). Methods: IMS Health data on outpatient penicillin and cephalosporin (β-lactam) and tetracycline, macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin (TMLS) use, aggregated at the level of the active substance (WHO version 2011) ...
European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe (1997-2009) Universiteit Hasselt KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen
Objectives: To describe total outpatient systemic antibiotic use in Europe from 1997 to 2009 and to analyse statistically trends of total use and composition of use over time. Methods: For the period 1997-2009, data on outpatient use of systemic antibiotics aggregated at the level of the active substance were collected and expressed in defined daily doses (WHO, version 2011) and packages per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID and PID, respectively). ...
Metrics to assess the quantity of antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure Universiteit Hasselt Universiteit Antwerpen
Background: The international Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) project DRIVE-AB (Driving Reinvestment in Research and Development and Responsible Antibiotic Use) aims to develop a global definition of 'responsible' antibiotic use. Objectives: To identify consensually validated quantity metrics for antibiotic use in the outpatient setting. Methods: First, outpatient quantity metrics (OQMs) were identified by a systematic search of literature ...
Quality indicators assessing antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure Universiteit Hasselt Universiteit Antwerpen
Objectives: Quality indicators (QIs) assessing the appropriateness of antibiotic use are essential to identify targets for improvement and guide antibiotic stewardship interventions. The aim of this study was to develop a set of QIs for the outpatient setting from a global perspective. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed by searching MEDLINE and relevant web sites in order to retrieve a list of QIs. These indicators were ...
Socioeconomic determinants of outpatient antibiotic use in Europe Universiteit Antwerpen
Objectives Outpatient antibiotic consumption widely varies across Europe. The investigation of the causes of such variation may help to identify interventions that would improve the efficient use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of socioeconomic determinants and the role played by information about bacterial resistance. Methods Comparable data on systemically administered antibiotics and socioeconomic determinants ...
Outpatient antibiotic use in the four administrations of the UK: cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis Universiteit Antwerpen
Objectives: We compared community antibiotic use in the four administrations of the UK with that in other European countries. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 24 European countries and UK administrations in 2005 with longitudinal analysis of data from Belgium and UK from 1997 was performed. Antibiotic use was measured as defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) or as prescriptions or packages per 1000 inhabitants ...