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Nevirapine pharmacokinetics when initiated at 200 mg or 400 mg daily in HIV-1 and tuberculosis co-infected Ugandan adults on rifampicin Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

M Lamorde, P Byakika-Kibwika, V Okaba-Kayom, M Ryan, P Coakley, M Boffito, R Namakula, F Kalemeera, Robert Colebunders, D Back, et al.
Background Rifampicin lowers nevirapine plasma concentrations by inducing cytochrome P450. However, few data are available on this interaction during the lead-in period of nevirapine treatment. Methods Eighteen HIV-1/tuberculosis co-infected adults receiving rifampicin daily as part of anti-tuberculosis therapy were evenly randomized to nevirapine initiation by dose escalation (NVP200) or nevirapine initiation at 200 mg twice daily (NVP400). ...

Nevirapine hair and plasma concentrations and HIV-1 viral suppression among HIV infected ante-partum and post-partum women attended in a mother and child prevention program in Maputo city, Mozambique Universiteit Gent

Rosa Marlene Cuco, Osvaldo Loquiha, Adelino Juga, Aleny Couto, Bindiya Meggi, Adolfo Vubil, Esperanca Sevene, Nafissa Osman, Marleen Temmerman, Olivier Degomme, et al.
Introduction Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is frequently challenged by irregular access to more effective anti-retroviral therapy. Nevirapine single dose (sdNVP), sdNVP+AZT+3TC for MTCT prophylaxis and NVP+ AZT+3TC for treatment and PMTCT were withdrawn due to low genetic resistance barrier and low efficacy. However current PMTCT lines in Mozambique include DTG+3TC+TDF, TDF+3TC+EFV, DTG +ABC+3TC, and AZT + NVP syrup ...

Bayesian network analyses of resistance pathways against efavirenz and nevirapine KU Leuven

Ricardo Jorge Camacho, Kristel Van Laethem, Anne-Mieke Vandamme
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role of novel mutations selected by treatment with efavirenz or nevirapine, and investigate the influence of HIV-1 subtype on nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nNRTI) resistance pathways. DESIGN: By finding direct dependencies between treatment-selected mutations, the involvement of these mutations as minor or major resistance mutations against efavirenz, nevirapine, or coadministrated nucleoside analogue ...

Nevirapine pharmacokinetics when initiated at 200 mg or 400 mg daily in HIV-1 and tuberculosis co-infected Ugandan adults on rifampicin Universiteit Antwerpen

Mohammed Lamorde, Pauline Byakika-Kibwika, Violet Okaba-Kayom, Mairin Ryan, Peter Coakley, Marta Boffito, Rhoda Namakula, Francis Kalemeera, Robert Colebunders, David Back, et al.
Background Rifampicin lowers nevirapine plasma concentrations by inducing cytochrome P450. However, few data are available on this interaction during the lead-in period of nevirapine treatment. Methods Eighteen HIV-1/tuberculosis co-infected adults receiving rifampicin daily as part of anti-tuberculosis therapy were evenly randomized to nevirapine initiation by dose escalation (NVP200) or nevirapine initiation at 200 mg twice daily (NVP400). ...

A comparison of the long-term durability of nevirapine, efavirenz and lopinavir in routine clinical practice in Europe: a EuroSIDA study Universiteit Gent

J Reekie, P Reiss, B Ledergerber, D Sedlacek, M Parczewski, J Gatell, C Katlama, G Fätkenheuer, JD Lundgren, A Mocroft, et al.
Objectives : The durability of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) regimens can be measured as time to discontinuation because of toxicity or treatment failure, development of clinical disease or serious long-term adverse events. The aim of this analysis was to compare the durability of nevirapine, efavirenz and lopinavir regimens based on these measures. Methods : Patients starting a nevirapine, efavirenz or lopinavir-based cART regimen ...

A376S in the connection subdomain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confers increased risk of virological failure to nevirapine therapy Universiteit Gent

Roger Paredes, Maria Carmen Puertas, Wendy Bannister, Mónica Kisic, Alessandro Cozzi-lepri, Christian Pou, Rocío Bellido, Gilberto Betancor, Johannes Bogner, Panagiotis Gargalianos, et al.
Background. The clinical relevance of mutations in the connection subdomain and the ribonuclease ( RNase) H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is uncertain. Methods. The risk of virological failure to nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) was evaluated in NNRTI-naive patients who started NNRTIs in the EuroSIDA study after July 1997 according to preexisting substitutions in the connection subdomain and the ...

Predicted residual activity of rilpivirine in HIV-1 infected patients failing therapy including NNRTIs efavirenz or nevirapine KU Leuven

Kristof Theys, Ricardo Jorge Camacho, Anne-Mieke Vandamme
Rilpivirine is a second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) currently indicated for first-line therapy, but its clinical benefit for HIV-1 infected patients failing first-generation NNRTIs is largely undefined. This study quantified the extent of genotypic rilpivirine resistance in viral isolates from 1212 patients upon failure of efavirenz- or nevirapine-containing antiretroviral treatment, of whom more than ...

Development of Nevirapine Resistance in Children Exposed to the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission Programme in Maputo, Mozambique KU Leuven

Ricardo Jorge Camacho
BACKGROUND: Single-dose nevirapine (sd-NVP) has been the main option for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV-1 in low-resource settings. However, sd-NVP can induce the selection of HIV-1 resistant mutations in mothers and infants. In Mozambique, there are limited data regarding the profile of NVP resistance associated mutations (RAM) in the context of PMTCT. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and the factors associated ...