Homogeneous National Management Policies or Autonomous Choices by Administrative Units ? Inter- and Intra-Country Management Tools Use Variations in European Central Government Administration KU Leuven
© 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis. This article presents an original research on the use of management tools in central government departments and agencies in 16 European countries. It is based on a survey conducted among senior managers (n = 5,998). The analysis shows that the use of management tools results from a combination of top-down implementation of a list of management tools at the national level, combined with a bottom-up independent ...