Publicaties
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The Neuromodulation of the Intestinal Immune System and Its Relevance in Inflammatory Bowel Disease KU Leuven
One of the main tasks of the immune system is to discriminate and appropriately react to "danger" or "non-danger" signals. This is crucial in the gastrointestinal tract, where the immune system is confronted with a myriad of food antigens and symbiotic microflora that are in constant contact with the mucosa, in addition to any potential pathogens. This large number of antigens and commensal microflora, which are essential for providing vital ...
ETEC virulence factors modulate the intestinal immune system Universiteit Gent
The food contaminant fumonisin B(1) reduces the maturation of porcine CD11R1(+) intestinal antigen presenting cells and antigen-specific immune responses, leading to a prolonged intestinal ETEC infection KU Leuven Universiteit Gent
Consumption of food or feed contaminated with fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, can lead to disease in humans and animals. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of FB1 intake on the intestinal immune system. Piglets were used as a target and as a model species for humans since their gastro-intestinal tract is very similar. The animals were orally exposed to a low dose of FB(1) (1 mg/kg body ...
The neuro-endrocine modulation of intestinal immune homeostasis KU Leuven
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract constitutes the largest mucosal surface that is continually exposed to a wide range of antigens and potential immune stimuli including various dietary antigens and commensal bacteria. For this reason, the intestinal mucosal tissue contains the largest number of immune cells participating to an elaborate network of cells and effector molecules to defend the host from the external milieu. In order to maintain ...
Cholinergic modulation of intestinal immune homeostasis: implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease KU Leuven
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is continuously exposed to vast amounts of foreign antigens, mainly of dietary and bacterial origin. Although the intestinal mucosa creates a tight barrier against intraluminal proteins and bacteria, it remains highly vulnerable to pathogenic infection. In order to deal with this constant threat, the GI tract is equipped by a potent and efficient defense mechanism provided by the innate immune system, in ...
Intestinal immune activation in presumed post-infectious functional dyspepsia Vrije Universiteit Brussel KU Leuven
Functional dyspepsia (FD) symptoms may develop after an acute gastroenteritis. In post-infectious (PI) irritable bowel syndrome, persisting low-grade colonic inflammation and increased enterochromaffine cells (EC) counts have been reported. The aim was to compare signs of inflammation and EC hyperplasia on duodenal biopsies in presumed PI-FD and unspecified-onset (U-)FD. Duodenal biopsies were obtained in 12 U-FD and 12 PI-FD (on average 13 ...
Role of NF-kappa B activation in intestinal immune homeostasis Universiteit Antwerpen Universiteit Gent
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterised by a disturbance of intestinal immune homeostasis, either caused by or followed by inappropriate responses to the resident commensal bacteria. Although the transcription factor NF-kappa B actively participates in the excessive inflammatory response observed in IBD, recent studies with mice defective in NF-kappa B activation have revealed that NF-kappa B also serves an essential protective ...
Neuro-immune interaction and the regulation of intestinal immune homeostasis KU Leuven
Many essential gastrointestinal functions, including motility, secretion and blood flow are regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), both through intrinsic enteric neurons and extrinsic (sympathetic and parasympathetic) innervation. Recently identified neuro-immune mechanisms, in particular the interplay between enteric neurons and muscularis macrophages, are now considered to be essential for fine-tuning peristalsis. These findings shed ...
Human intestinal bitter taste receptors regulate innate immune responses and metabolic regulators in obesity KU Leuven
Bitter taste receptors (taste 2 receptors, TAS2Rs) serve as warning sensors in the lingual system against the ingestion of potentially poisonous food. Here, we investigated the functional role of TAS2Rs in the human gut and focused on their potential to trigger an additional host defense pathway in the intestine. Human jejunal crypts, especially those from individuals with obesity, responded to bitter agonists by inducing the release of ...