The uremic retention solute p-cresyl sulfate and markers of endothelial damage KU Leuven
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease. In hemodialysis patients, the protein-bound uremic retention solute p-cresol is independently associated with cardiovascular disease. The underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. STUDY DESIGN: (1) Prospective observational study of humans and (2) in vitro study in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. SETTING: Hemodialysis patients. FACTOR: ...