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Stable prevalence of triazole-resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus complex clinical isolates in a Belgian tertiary care center from 2016 to 2020. KU Leuven

Agustìn Reséndiz Sharpe, Rita Merckx, Paul E Verweij, Johan Maertens, Katrien Lagrou
BACKGROUND: Prevalence reports of triazole-resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus differ between countries and centers and may likewise vary over time. Continuous local surveillance programs to establish the evolving epidemiology of triazole-resistance in A. fumigatus are crucial to guide therapeutic recommendations. Here, we determined the prevalence of triazole-resistance in A. fumigatus complex culture-positive patients at the tertiary care ...

The underestimated contribution of the solvent to the phase behavior of highly drug loaded amorphous solid dispersions KU Leuven

Sien Dedroog, Eline Boel, Celestine Kindts, Bernard Appeltans, Guy van den Mooter
In spite of the fact that spray drying is widely applied for the formulation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), the influence of the solvent on the physical properties of the ASDs is still not completely understood. Therefore, the impact of organic solvents on the kinetic stabilization of drug components in a polymer matrix prepared by either film casting or spray drying was investigated. One polymer, PVPVA 64, together with one of four ...

Population pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in maternal and umbilical cord plasma, and simulated exposure in term neonates. KU Leuven

Omar Elkayal, Karel Allegaert, Isabel Spriet, Anne Smits, Marie-Christine Seghaye, Corinne Charlier, Erwin Dreesen
BACKGROUND: Intra-partum cefazolin is used to prevent group B Streptococcus (GBS) vertical transmission in mothers allergic to penicillin without a history of anaphylaxis. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the maternal cefazolin dose-exposure relationship and subsequent maternal and neonatal target attainment at delivery. METHODS: Data were obtained from 24 healthy, GBS-colonized pregnant women (20-41 years), undergoing vaginal delivery (gestational ...

Evolution of tolerance to chlorpyrifos causes cross-tolerance to another organophosphate and a carbamate, but reduces tolerance to a neonicotinoid and a pharmaceutical KU Leuven

Marlies Van de Maele, Lizanne Janssens, Robby Stoks
Exposure to pesticides is a major stressor in freshwater ecosystems. While populations can evolve tolerance to pesticides and thereby ensure their persistence in contaminated environments, this may have important consequences for their sensitivity to other pollutants. Indeed, tolerance to one pollutant may both increase (as a cost of tolerance) or decrease (cross-tolerance) the sensitivity to other pollutants. Despite the increasing concern of ...

Comparative analysis of the molecular mechanism of resistance to vapendavir across a panel of picornavirus species KU Leuven

Kristina Lanko, Liang Sun, Mathy Froeyen, Pieter Leyssen, Leen Delang, Carmen Mirabelli, Johan Neyts
Vapendavir is a rhino/enterovirus inhibitor that targets a hydrophobic pocket in the viral capsid preventing the virus from entering the cell. We set out to study and compare the molecular mechanisms of resistance to vapendavir among clinically relevant Picornavirus species. To this end in vitro resistance selection of drug-resistant isolates was applied in rhinovirus 2 and 14, enterovirus-D68 and Poliovirus 1 Sabin. Mutations in the ...

Inpatient Diuretic Management of Acute Heart Failure Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Saif Ali, Sharon Jung, Shuktika Nandkeolyar, Liset Stoletniy, Antoine Sakr, Frederik Hendrik Verbrugge, Anthony Hilliard, Dmitry Abramov

The inpatient treatment of acute heart failure (AHF) is aimed at achieving euvolemia, relieving symptoms, and reducing rehospitalization. Adequate treatment of AHF is rooted in understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of select diuretic agents used to achieve decongestion. While loop diuretics remain the primary treatment of AHF, the dosing strategies of loop diuretics and the use of adjunct diuretic classes to augment clinical ...

Introduction to Bayesian statistics: a practical framework for clinical pharmacists KU Leuven

Lorenz Van der Linden, Julie Hias, Karolien Walgraeve, Johan Flamaing, Isabel Isabel Spriet, Jos Tournoy
OBJECTIVES: Most pharmaceutical investigations have relied on p values to infer conclusions from their study findings. Central to this paradigm is the concept of null hypothesis significance testing. This approach is however fraught with overuse and misinterpretations. Several alternatives have already been proposed, yet uptake remains low. In this study, we aimed to discuss the pitfalls of p value-based testing and to provide readers with the ...