Titel Deelnemers "Korte inhoud" "Dietary intake of preformed vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids are not associated with serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations among children 36–59 months of age in rural Burkina Faso : a cross-sectional study" "Ouahamin Olivier Sombie, Augustin N. Zeba, Jérome W. Somé, Adama Kazienga, Jeoffray Diendere, Jean F. Bationo, Christopher Davis, Michael Grahn, Sherry Tanumihardjo, Stefaan De Henauw, Souheila Abbeddou" "PurposeThis study aimed to assess the association between dietary intake of preformed vitamin A (VA) and pro-VA carotenoids and serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations among 36-59-month-old children in a rural area in Burkina Faso.MethodsTwo community-based cross-sectional studies were conducted in a rural area of Burkina Faso and included 115 children aged 36-59 months. Dietary intake of preformed VA and pro-VA was assessed directly by 24-h dietary recall. Serum retinol and carotenoid (& alpha;- and & beta;-carotene, and & beta;-cryptoxanthin) concentrations were measured. The associations between serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations and their respective dietary intake were assessed by multiple linear regression.ResultsGeometric mean [95% CI] adjusted serum retinol concentration in children was 0.86 [0.81; 0.92] & mu;mol/L. The prevalence of low adjusted serum retinol concentration (< 0.7 & mu;mol/L) was 26.8%. Geometric mean [95% CI] serum carotenoid concentrations were: & alpha;-carotene (0.03 [0.02; 0.03] & mu;mol/L), & beta;-carotene (0.14 [0.12; 0.16] & mu;mol/L), and & beta;-cryptoxanthin (0.17 [0.15; 0.21] & mu;mol/L). Dietary intakes of & alpha;- and & beta;-carotene and adjusted serum retinol and & alpha;-carotene concentrations were significantly higher during the rainy season. In multiple linear regressions, no associations were found between dietary intakes of preformed VA and pro-VA carotenoids and serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations in children aged 36-59 months in Burkina Faso. There was no effect of season on the associations between preformed VA and pro-VA carotenoids intake and serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations.ConclusionsThis study shows that dietary intakes of preformed VA and pro-VA carotenoids based on 24-h dietary recall method cannot be used as proxy of serum retinol and carotenoid concentrations in this population." "A novel spiral-filter press for tomato processing: process impact on phenolic compounds, carotenoids and ascorbic acid content" "Lies Kips, Lieven Van Meulebroek, Romain Larbat, Katleen Raes" "Industrial processing of fruit and vegetables can have detrimental effects on health-promoting phytochemicals. Here, a novel pilot-scale process using an innovative spiral-filter press followed by a thermal treatment was evaluated for the production of tomato juice. Three-month storage of the resulting juice was also evaluated. The process impact of the different unit processes, with emphasis on the novel spiral-filter pressing, was investigated for the three major compound classes present in tomato (ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and carotenoids). The spiral-filter press processing did not seem to cause degradation of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds or carotenoids, which can be ascribed to the fast processing in a low-oxygen atmosphere. Maintaining the native constitution of tomato to a great extent, the spiral-filter press thus offers potential for processing tomatoes and other vegetables into juices, smoothies and purees." "Fast outdoor screening and discrimination of carotenoids of halophilic microorganisms using miniaturized Raman spectrometers" "Adam Culka, Jan Jehlicka, Aharon Oren, Anastasia Rousaki, Peter Vandenabeele" "Eight miniaturized Raman spectrometers were used to perform a fast outdoor screening and discrimination of carotenoids of a series of halophilic and non-halophilic microorganisms on a set of eight lyophilized samples, each containing high concentrations of a specific dominant carotenoid pigment. Raman spectra were acquired using different excitations (532, 785, sequentially shifted excitation of 785 and 853, and 1064 nm), based on the model of each Raman spectrometer, in order to ascertain the feasibility of individual wavelengths. The wavenumber positions of diagnostic Raman bands of carotenoids were observed for the different carotenoid species. Characteristic carotenoid Raman bands of the pigment bacterioruberin were reported (using the 532 nm excitation) at 1504-1509 cm(-1), salinixanthin at 1510- 1513 cm(-1), spirilloxanthin at 1509-1513 cm(-1), decaprenoxanthin at 1519 cm(-1), b-carotene at 1526 cm(-1), and sarcinaxanthin at 1526-1528 cm(-1). A 532 nm excitation consistently provided best results due to the significant resonance signal enhancement (both quantitative and qualitative carotenoid detection). Good results were also obtained using the sequentially shifted excitation combining two lasers in the near infrared spectral region, and similarly good results were acquired using a standard 1064 nm excitation. The least suitable was a 785 nm excitation, with the carotenoid Raman signal almost always weaker compared to major fluorescence signal arising from other types of pigments or biomolecules in the samples. A thorough light shielding was essential in order to acquire good quality data. This study shows that miniaturized Raman spectrometers, some even equipped with longer wavelength excitation, are able to detect different carotenoid pigments under non-laboratory conditions in a fast way, and discriminate between them, to a certain degree. The implications of this type of research are especially useful in astrobiology, where the searching, detection and discrimination of biomarkers such as carotenoids is receiving significant attention. (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved." "In vitro bioaccessibility and uptake of β-carotene from encapsulated carotenoids from mango by-products in a coupled gastrointestinal digestion/Caco-2 cell model" "Katty Elizabeth Cabezas Terán, Charlotte Grootaert, Johana Ortiz, Silvana Donoso, Jenny Ruales, Filip Van Bockstaele, John Van Camp, Tom Van de Wiele" "β-carotene is a carotenoid with provitamin A activity and other health benefits, which needs to become bioavailable upon oral intake to exert its biological activity. A better understanding of its behaviour and stability in the gastrointestinal tract and means to increase its bioavailability are highly needed. Using an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion method coupled to an intestinal cell model, we explored the stability, gastrointestinal bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of β-carotene from microparticles containing carotenoid extracts derived from mango by-products. Three types of microparticles were tested: one with the carotenoid extract as such, one with added inulin and one with added fructooligosaccharides. Overall, β-carotene was relatively stable during the in vitro digestion, as total recoveries were above 68 %. Prebiotics in the encapsulating material, especially inulin, enhanced the bioaccessibility of β-carotene almost 2-fold compared to microparticles without prebiotics. Likewise, β-carotene bioaccessibility increased proportionally with bile salt concentrations during digestion. Yet, a bile salts level above 10 mM did not contribute markedly to β-carotene bioaccessibility of prebiotic containing microparticles. Cellular uptake experiments with non-filtered gastrointestinal digests yielded higher absolute levels of β-carotene taken up in the epithelial cells as compared to uptake assays with filtered digests. However, the proportional uptake of β-carotene was higher for filtered digests (24 – 31 %) than for non-filtered digests (2 – 8 %). Matrix-dependent carotenoid uptake was only visible in the unfiltered medium, thereby pointing to possible other cellular transport mechanisms of non-micellarized carotenoids, besides the concentration effect. Regardless of a filtration step, inulin-amended microparticles consistently resulted in a higher β-carotene uptake than regular microparticles or FOS-amended microparticles. In conclusion, encapsulation of carotenoid extracts from mango by-products displayed chemical stability and release of a bioaccessible β-carotene fraction upon gastrointestinal digestion. This indicates the potential of the microparticles to be incorporated into functional foods with provitamin A activity." "Effect of a carotenoid-producing Bacillus strain on intestinal barrier integrity and systemic delivery of carotenoids : a randomised trial in animals and humans" "Yala Stevens, Iris Pinheiro, Bouke Salden, Cindy Duysburgh, Selin Bolca, Jeroen Degroote, Maryam Majdeddin, Noémie Van Noten, Béatrice Gleize, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Joris Michiels, Daisy Jonkers, Freddy Troost, Sam Possemiers, Ad Masclee" "The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of the carotenoid-producing Bacillus indicus strain PD01 on intestinal barrier function and its ability to survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract and to assess systemic bioavailability of these carotenoids in vivo. As model for impaired barrier function, 16 early weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control diet or control diet with PD01 for 23 days. In addition, 67 overweight/obese, otherwise healthy individuals were randomly assigned to groups receiving PD01 or placebo for 6 weeks. PD01 survived passage through the gastrointestinal tract in piglets and human subjects and resulted in significant accumulation of PD01 derived carotenoids (methyl-glycosyl-apo-8'-lycopenoate and glycosyl-apo-8'- lycopene) in human plasma after 3- and 6-weeks supplementation versus baseline (0.044 and 0.076 vs 0 mu M, respectively; p < 0.001). PD01 supplementation resulted in higher expression levels of occludin in the distal small intestine (1.38 +/- 0.31 vs 0.59 +/- 0.14; p = 0.044) and transepithelial electrical resistance in the mid colon (34.1 +/- 3.01 vs 24.3 +/- 1.13 Omega.cm(2); p = 0.019) of early weaned piglets compared to control. In overweight/obese individuals with preserved barrier integrity, PD01 did not affect sugar excretion (p >= 0.104). In summary, PD01 survived transit through the gastrointestinal tract, resulted in systemic carotenoid accumulation and improved compromised barrier function outcomes." "Serum carotenoids reveal poor fruit and vegetable intake among schoolchildren in Burkina Faso" "Jean Fidèle Bationo, Augustin N Zeba, Souheila Abbeddou, Nadine D Coulibaly, Olivier O Sombier, Jesse Sheftel, Imael Henri Nestor Bassole, Nicolas Barro, Jean Bosco Ouedraogo, Sherry A Tanumihardjo" "The influence of iron and zinc supplementation on the bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from papaya following consumption of a vitamin A-deficient diet" "Marie Modestine Kana-Sop, Inocent Gouado, Mercy Bih Achu, John Van Camp, Paul Henry Amvam Zollo, Florian J Schweigert, Donald Oberleas, Tetanye Ekde" "A metabolomic framework to study the regulating role of phytohormones towards carotenoids in tomato fruit" "Lieven Van Meulebroek" "Effect of simulated thermo-degradation on the carotenoids, tocopherols and antioxidant properties of tomato and paprika oleoresins" "Souheila Abbeddou, Christos Petrakis, Antonio Pérez-Gálvez, Panagiotis Kefalas, Dámaso Hornero-Méndez" "Total and individual carotenoids and phenolic acids content in fresh, refrigerated and processed spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)" "Andrea Bunea, Mirjana Andjelkovic, Carmen Socaciu, Otilia Bobis, Madalina Neacsu, Roland Verhé, John Van Camp"