Titel Deelnemers "Korte inhoud" "Theoretical models of participation in adult education: the need for an integrated model" "Ides Nicaise, Herman Baert" "The European Union has set a goal that by 2010, 12.5% of the working age population should be taking part in lifelong learning. This participation rate has not yet been achieved in many countries. A partial explanation is the fact that the decision to participate depends on a variety of factors at three levels: the individual; the educational provisions; and the socio-economic context, including the regulating authorities. The authors of this article provide insights into the matching process in the educational market, discussing the relevant literature on this issue, including the modelling used in the research literature. In the final section of the article, the authors present an outline of an integrated model of participation in adult education, aimed at creating a better understanding of the complexity of participation and the factors that affect the three levels of the educational market." "Fuzzy-Rough Cognitive Networks: Theoretical Analysis and Simpler Models" "Leonardo CONCEPCION PEREZ, Gonzalo NAPOLES RUIZ, Isel Grau, Witold Pedrycz" "Fuzzy-Rough Cognitive Networks (FRCNs) are recurrent neural networks intended for structured classification purposes in which the problem is described by an explicit set of features. The advantage of this granular neural system relies on its transparency and simplicity while being competitive to state-of-the-art classifiers. Despite of their relative empirical success in terms of prediction rates, there are limited studies on FRCNs' dynamic properties and how their building blocks contribute to algorithm's performance. In this paper, we theoretically study these issues and conclude that boundary and negative neurons always converge to a unique fixed-point attractor. Moreover, we demonstrate that negative neurons have no impact on algorithm's performance and that the ranking of positive neurons is invariant. Moved by our theoretical findings, we propose two simpler fuzzy-rough classifiers that overcome the detected issues and maintain the competitive prediction rates of this classifier. Toward the end, we present a case study concerned with image classification in which a Convolutional Neural Network is coupled with one of the simpler models derived from the theoretical analysis of the FRCN model. The numerical simulations suggest that, once the features have been extracted, our granular neural system performs as well as other recurrent neural networks." "A theoretical look at Electre Tri-nB and related sorting models" "Denis Bouyssou, Thierry Marchant, Marc Pirlot" "ELECTRE TRI is a set of methods designed to sort alternatives evaluated on several criteria into ordered categories. In these methods, alternatives are assigned to categories by comparing them with reference profiles that represent either the boundary or central elements of the category. The original ELECTRE TRI-B method uses one limiting profile for separating a category from the category below. A more recent method, ELECTRE TRI-nB, allows one to use several limiting profiles for the same purpose. We investigate the properties of ELECTRE TRI-nB using a conjoint measurement framework. When the number of limiting profiles used to define each category is not restricted, ELECTRE TRI-nB is easy to characterize axiomatically and is found to be equivalent to several other methods proposed in the literature. We extend this result in various directions." "Models donU+2019t explain : theoretical and empirical challenges to modelling syntactic alternations" "Ludovic De Cuypere, Hilde De Vaere, Thomas Belligh" "Explaining prejudicial attitudes and bias-motivated aggression in Belgium : a comparison of individual-level theoretical models" "Lieven Pauwels, Harley Williamson" "Prejudice and bias-motivated aggression (BMA) are pervasive social problems. Scholars have tested numerous competing theoretical models to demonstrate the key predicates of prejudice and BMA, including intergroup contact, dual process (i.e., right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation), perceived injustice, peer socialization, and empathy. Yet, studies to date have not empirically examined the comparative strength of these theoretical perspectives to explain the correlates of (a) prejudice and (b) BMA. This study seeks to address this gap Utilizing a sample of young 1,001 Belgian participants, this study explores the association between key constructs from different theoretical perspectives to better understand prejudice and BMA towards immigrant populations. Findings show that when accounting for all models of prejudice and BMA, the strongest predictors of prejudice emerge from the dual-process model, the empathy model (outgroup empathy), and the quality (not frequency) of intergroup contact. Yet, prejudice and exposure to peer outgroup hostility are the strongest predictors of BMA. We discuss the implications of our findings and suggest that drawing on criminological theories of prejudice and BMA can be integrated to provide a more nuanced understanding of the nature of prejudice and BMA than what is currently known. We conclude by highlighting some directions for future research on prejudice and BMA." "Experimental and theoretical models of wave-induced flexure of a sea ice floe" "Alessandro Toffoli" "© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. An experimental model is used to validate a theoretical model of a sea ice floe's flexural motion, induced by ocean waves. A thin plastic plate models the ice floe in the experiments. Rigid and compliant plastics and two different thicknesses are tested. Regular incident waves are used, with wavelengths less than, equal to, and greater than the floe length, and steepnesses ranging from gently sloping to storm-like. Results show the models agree well, despite the overwash phenomenon occurring in the experiments, which the theoretical model neglects." "Theoretical Models Linking NSSI to Suicide" "Sarah E Victor, Kirsten Christensen, Terry H. Trieu" "Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with suicidal ideation (SI) and capability for suicidal behavior. This chapter describes theoretical models of suicide in relation to NSSI, with implications for research and clinical practice. First, theories emphasize cognitive influences on suicide associated with NSSI, such as rumination, impaired problem-solving, and negative attributional style. These factors may exacerbate hopelessness, increasing risk for both NSSI and SI. Second, interpersonal difficulties are core to several suicide theories. NSSI is associated with loneliness, poor social support, and victimization; moreover, NSSI may prompt negative reactions from others, exacerbating interpersonal risk factors for SI. Finally, suicide theories often highlight the role of negative views of self in desire for suicide. NSSI is strongly associated with self-criticism, occurs as a means of self-punishment, and is frequently followed by guilt and shame, which may exacerbate negative self-views contributing to SI. NSSI is also associated with suicide capability. This may be due to differences in pain sensitivity or tolerance, fearlessness about death, exposure to painful and provocative events, or impulsivity, each of which has exhibited associations with NSSI. Further, NSSI involves repeated exposure to injury and pain, which may explain why chronic and severe NSSI elevates risk of suicide attempts. Taken together, research highlights the importance of assessing NSSI and suicide risk and protective factors in clinical practice, while leaving open unanswered questions about potentially causal relationships between these related, but distinct, experiences. Longitudinal work is needed to understand how NSSI most appropriately fits within existing theoretical models of suicide." "First RR Lyrae light curve from CoRoT big challenge and constraint to the theoretical models" "M. Chadid, A. Baglin, J. Benkő, G. Bono, E. Chapellier, E. Guggenberger, Katrien Kolenberg, M. Paparo, E. Poretti, R. Szabó, H. Trinquet, W.W. Weiss" "In this paper we report on new RR Lyrae stars discovered in the first long run fields (LRc01 and LRa01) of the CoRoT mission. CoRoT frequency analysis of the high quality light curve with an unprecedented photometric accuracy and uninterrupted coverage over long period (similar to 150 days) are shown. The CoRoT results reveal four of the seven stars affected with the Blazhko effect and showing a very high fraction of the Blazhko stars ever obtained. The CoRoT RR Lyrae stars show pulsation periods strongly nonlinear and complex multiplet structures, such as the triplet, quintuplet, septuplet, nonuplet, undecaplet, tredecaplet, quindecaplet and sepdecaplet frequency structures. Additional frequencies are detected as well with a linear combination with the fundamental radial mode. showing a strong evidence for direct detections of nonradial pulsations. We put into evidence new classes of RR Lyrae stars showing the Blazhko double mode RR Lyrae stars (fundamental and second overtone), nonradial and radial (multimodes) pulsations and new behaviour of the Blazhko effect, such as the Blazhko modulation in both mixing modes (second Blazhko effect). the CoRoT Blazhko results are consistent with Stothers'explanation of the Blazhko effect with period and amplitude changes. However, we stress for developing it in further theoretical investigation, with the aim of finding the physical mechanism behind the Blazhko enigma." "From theoretical real options models to pragmatic decision making" "Matteo Balliauw" "Port capacity investments are large, irreversible and uncertain projects, involving different decision variables to be optimised. In order to optimise the timing and size of such projects, the literature has indicated that real options (RO) are better suited than the more traditional net present value (NPV) approach. The models are very theoretical and difficult to implement in practice. The objective of this paper is to extend the empirical RO literature in transportation and logistics by bringing continuous-time continuous-state RO models closer to practitioners. This is done by means of developing a blueprint for a practical software application through which port investment managers can easily calculate their optimal decisions. Additionally, the blueprint of this practical implementation allows for a better understanding of the continuous RO logic and way of working. As the discussion of the RO advantages shows, optimising the decision through continuous RO models, rather than applying NPV, can allow ports to realise a much better investment and generate a lot more value from port investment projects. Nevertheless, depending on the specific situation, practitioners might require supplementary assistance of econometricians or consultants to estimate the RO model input parameters. This paper also adds to the literature by quantifying these potential gains and costs." "Eco-evolutionary feedbacks : theoretical models and perspectives" "Lynn Govaert, Emanuel A Fronhofer, Sébastien Lion, Christophe Eizaguirre, Dries Bonte, Martijn Egas, Andrew P Hendry, Ayana De Brito Martins, Carlos J Melián, Joost AM Raeymaekers, Irja I Ratikainen, Bernt-Erik Saether, Jennifer A Schweitzer, Blake Matthews"