Titel Deelnemers "Korte inhoud" "Socioeconomic factors from midlife predict mobility limitation and depressed mood three decades later; Findings from the AGES-Reykjavik Study" "Marjan van den Akker" "BACKGROUND: Taking into account our rapidly ageing population, older people are of particular interest in studying health inequalities. Most studies of older persons only include measures of current socioeconomic status (SES) and do not take into account data from earlier stages of life. In addition, only classic SES measures are used, while alternative measures, such as car ownership and house ownership, might equally well predict health. The present study aims to examine the effect of midlife socioeconomic factors on mobility limitation and depressed mood three decades later. METHODS: Data were from 4,809 men and women aged 33-65 years who participated in the Reykjavik Study (1967-1992) and who were re-examined in old age in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) -Reykjavik Study (2002-2006). RESULTS: Education and occupation predicted mobility limitation and depressed mood. Independently, home and car ownership and the availability of housing features predicted mobility limitation. Shortages of food in childhood and lack of a car in midlife predicted depressed mood. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic factors from midlife and from childhood affect mobility limitation and depressed mood in old age. Prevention of health problems in old age should begin as early as midlife." "Usability Study of a Multicomponent Exergame Training for Older Adults with Mobility Limitations" "Nathalie Swinnen" "The global population aged 60 years and over rises due to increasing life expectancy. More older adults suffer from ""geriatric giants"". Mobility limitations, including immobility and instability, are usually accompanied by physical and cognitive decline, and can be further associated with gait changes. Improvements in physical and cognitive functions can be achieved with virtual reality exergame environments. This study investigated the usability of the newly developed VITAAL exergame in mobility-impaired older adults aged 60 years and older. Usability was evaluated with a mixed-methods approach including a usability protocol, the System Usability Scale, and a guideline-based interview. Thirteen participants (9 female, 80.5 ± 4.9 years, range: 71-89) tested the exergame and completed the measurement. The System Usability Scale was rated in a marginal acceptability range (58.3 ± 16.5, range: 30-85). The usability protocol and the guideline-based interview revealed general positive usability. The VITAAL exergame prototype received positive feedback and can be considered usable by older adults with mobility limitations. However, minor improvements to the system in terms of design, instructions, and technical aspects should be taken into account. The results warrant testing of the feasibility of the adapted multicomponent VITAAL exergame, and its effects on physical and cognitive functions, in comparison with conventional training, should be studied." "Threshold of Relative Muscle Power Required to Rise from a Chair and Mobility Limitations and Disability in Older Adults" "Evelien Van Roie, Christophe Delecluse" "PURPOSE: Being able to rise from a chair is paramount for independent living and is strongly influenced by the ability of the lower limbs to exert mechanical power. This study assessed minimal thresholds of lower-limb relative muscle power required to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) task in older adults and its association with mobility limitations and disability. METHODS: A total of 11,583 older adults (age, 60-103 yr) participated in this investigation. The 5-rep and 30-s versions of the STS test were used to assess chair rising ability. Relative power was calculated by the STS muscle power test. The minimum thresholds of power required to perform the STS tests were derived from the minimum values (i.e., ""floor"" effect) reported in the power tests through regression analyses. Mobility limitations and disability in activities of daily living (ADL) were recorded. RESULTS: For the average older man and woman, the thresholds to complete five STS repetitions were 1.1 and 1.0 W·kg-1, respectively, whereas the thresholds to complete one STS repetition were 0.3 W·kg-1 in both sexes. These thresholds increased linearly with height (5- and 1-rep, respectively: +0.13 and +0.03 W·kg-1 per 10-cm increase; both P < 0.001) and did not differ by sex or testing condition (both P ≥ 0.259). All participants with relative power below the 5-rep threshold presented mobility limitations, and 51%-56% of women and 36%-49% of men also showed disability in ADL (all χ2 ≥ 290.4; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A minimum level of relative muscle power is required to rise from a chair independently, which depends on the individual height and is associated with increased mobility limitations and disability. This information will help interpret data yielded by the STS muscle power test and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of mobility limitations in older people." "Limitation de la mobilité et pied plat chez un garçon de 17 ans" "Maarten Couturier, Filip Vanhoenacker" "Characterizing types of human mobility to inform differential and targeted malaria elimination strategies in northeast Cambodia" "Koen Peeters, Charlotte Gryseels, Susan Dierickx, Melanie Bannister-Tyrrell, Suzan Trienekens, Sambunny Uk, Pisen Phoeuk, Sokha Suon, Srun Set, Rene Gerrets, Sarah Hoibak, Joan Muela Ribera, Susanna Hausmann Muela, Sochantha Tho, Lies Durnez, Vincent Sluydts, D'Alessandro, M. Coosemans, Annette Erhart" "Human population movements currently challenge malaria elimination in low transmission foci in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Using a mixed-methods design, combining ethnography (n = 410 interviews), malariometric data (n = 4996) and population surveys (n = 824 indigenous populations; n = 704 Khmer migrants) malaria vulnerability among different types of mobile populations was researched in the remote province of Ratanakiri, Cambodia. Different structural types of human mobility were identified, showing differential risk and vulnerability. Among local indigenous populations, access to malaria testing and treatment through the VMW-system and LLIN coverage was high but control strategies failed to account for forest farmers' prolonged stays at forest farms/fields (61% during rainy season), increasing their exposure (p = 0.002). The Khmer migrants, with low acquired immunity, active on plantations and mines, represented a fundamentally different group not reached by LLIN-distribution campaigns since they were largely unregistered (79%) and unaware of the local VMW-system (95%) due to poor social integration. Khmer migrants therefore require control strategies including active detection, registration and immediate access to malaria prevention and control tools from which they are currently excluded. In conclusion, different types of mobility require different malaria elimination strategies. Targeting mobility without an in-depth understanding of malaria risk in each group challenges further progress towards elimination." "Understanding mobile populations beyond mobility: insights from social inquiry for malaria elimination" "Koen Peeters, Charlotte Gryseels, Thuan Thi Nguyen, Xuan Xa Nguyen, Srun Set, Sokha Suon, Claudia Nieto, Joan Muela Ribera, Annette Erhart, Umberto D'Alessandro" "Human motion capture for movement limitation analysis using an RGB-D camera in spondyloarthritis" "Manuel Trinidad-Fernandez, Antonio Cuesta-Vargas, Peter Vaes, David Beckwée, Francisco-Ángel Moreno, Javier González-Jiménez, Antonio Fernández-Nebro, Sara Manrique-Arija, Inmaculada Ureña-Garnica, Manuel González-Sánchez" "A human motion capture system using an RGB-D camera could be a good option to understand the trunk limitations in spondyloarthritis. The aim of this study is to validate a human motion capture system using an RGB-D camera to analyse trunk movement limitations in spondyloarthritis patients. Cross-sectional study was performed where spondyloarthritis patients were diagnosed with a rheumatologist. The RGB-D camera analysed the kinematics of each participant during seven functional tasks based on rheumatologic assessment. The OpenNI2 library collected the depth data, the NiTE2 middleware detected a virtual skeleton and the MRPT library recorded the trunk positions. The gold standard was registered using an inertial measurement unit. The outcome variables were angular displacement, angular velocity and lineal acceleration of the trunk. Criterion validity and the reliability were calculated. Seventeen subjects (54.35 (11.75) years) were measured. The Bending task obtained moderate results in validity (r = 0.55–0.62) and successful results in reliability (ICC = 0.80–0.88) and validity and reliability of angular kinematic results in Chair task were moderate and (r = 0.60–0.74, ICC = 0.61–0.72). The kinematic results in Timed Up and Go test were less consistent. The RGB-D camera was documented to be a reliable tool to assess the movement limitations in spondyloarthritis depending on the functional tasks: Bending task. Chair task needs further research and the TUG analysis was not validated. Graphical abstract: Comparation of both systems, required software for camera analysis, outcomes and final results of validity and reliability of each test. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]" "Mobility in community dwelling older adults : predicting successful mobility using an instrumented battery of novel measures" "L McInnes, E Jones, L Rochester, S Lord, Sebastien Chastin, AW Watson, L Little, P Briggs" "Mobility in older adults is associated with better quality of life. However, evidence suggests that older people spend less time out-of-home than younger adults. Traditional methods for assessing mobility have serious limitations. Wearable technologies provide the possibility of objectively assessing mobility over extended periods enabling better estimates of levels of mobility to be made and possible predictors to be explored. Eighty-six community dwelling older adults (mean age 79.8 years) had their mobility assessed for one week using GPS, accelerometry and self-report. Outcomes were: number of steps, time spent in dynamic outdoor activity, total distance travelled and total number of journeys made over the week. Assessments were also made of personal, cognitive, psychological, physical and social variables. Four regression models were calculated (one for each outcome). The models predicted 32 to 43% of the variance in levels of mobility. The ability to balance on one leg significantly predicted all four outcomes. In addition, cognitive ability predicted number of journeys made per week and time spent engaged in dynamic outdoor activity, and age significantly predicted total distance travelled. Overall estimates of mobility indicated step counts that were similar to those shown by previous research but distances travelled, measured by GPS, were lower. These findings suggest that mobility in this sample of older adults is predicted by the ability to balance on one leg. Possible interventions to improve out-of-home mobility could target balance. The fact that participants travelled shorter distances than those reported in previous studies is interesting since this high-functioning subgroup would be expected to demonstrate the highest levels." "Family size and intergenerational social mobility during the fertility transition. Evidence of resource dilution from the city of Antwerp" "Sarah Moreels" "It has been argued in sociology, economics, and evolutionary anthropology that family size limitation enhances the intergenerational upward mobility chances in modernized societies. If parents have a large flock, family resources get diluted and intergenerational mobility is bound to head downwards. Yet, the empirical record supporting this resource dilution hypothesis is limited. This article investigates the empirical association between family size limitation and intergenerational mobility in an urban, late nineteenth century population in Western Europe. It uses life course data from the Belgian city of Antwerp between 1846 and 1920. Findings are consistent with the resource dilution hypothesis: after controlling for confounding factors, people with many children were more likely to end up in the lower classes. Yet, family size limitation was effective as a defensive rather than an offensive strategy: it prevented the next generation from going down rather than helping them to climb up the social ladder. Also, family size appears to have been particularly relevant for the middle classes. Implications for demographic transition theory are discussed." "Improving Accessibility and Inclusiveness of Digital Mobility Solutions: A European Approach" "Sabina Giorgi, Rebecca Hueting, Andrea Capaccioli, Floridea di Ciommo, Gianni Rondinella, Andrés Kilstein, Wim Vanobberghen, Miklós Bánfi, Yoram Shiftan" "This paper presents the main results of the co-creation activities carried out in the first phase of INDIMO (INclusive DIgital MObility solutions), a three-year EU-funded Horizon 2020 project that aims to extend the benefits of digital mobility and delivery solutions to vulnerable people that currently face barriers in using such solutions due to physical, cognitive and socio-economic limitations. On the one hand, results concern needs, capabilities and requirements of vulnerable-to-exclusion users and non-users of digital mobility and delivery services that have been collected in the five pilot sites of the project. On the other hand, findings highlight drivers and barriers for the development and deployment of inclusive and accessible digital mobility services from the viewpoint of developers, operators and policy makers. These results are the basis for the development of the main outcome of the project, i.e. the Inclusive Digital Mobility Toolbox."