Titel Deelnemers "Modeling framework for incorporating external trips in activity-based travel demand models" "Syed FAZAL ABBAS BAQUERI" "Modelling external trips: review of past studies and directions for way forward" "Syed FAZAL ABBAS BAQUERI, Muhammad ADNAN, Tom BELLEMANS" "Proper estimation of external trips is vital because it may affect the model validation results when compared with traffic counts. In practice, external trips are divided into three categories: external–external (EE), external–internal (EI), and internal–external (IE) trips. EE and EI trips are carried out by nonresidents, whereas IE trips are carried out by residents of the study area. This paper discusses modeling attempts for EE and EI trips and the application of existing models for generation and distribution of EE and EI trips. These models are applied in the Leuven region of Belgium to study their transferability, which was found to be poor. Given these shortcomings, new extensions and variables are proposed that have improved the model performance. Then, the current practices to incorporate residents’ external trips (IE) in activity-based models are also described along with their consequences in the demand modeling framework. An approach by defining a catchment area (CA) outside the study area is then proposed to improve the modeling framework. Results validate the proposed methodology. The paper, therefore, shall be beneficial for both researchers and practitioners." "The internal and external institutionalization of the BRICS countries: The case of the New Development Bank" "Bas Hooijmaaijers" "Optimization of external Vis/NIR reflectance measurements to predict internal browning on 'Cripps Pink' apples" "Maarten Hertog" "Effect of pinning on the response of superconducting strips to an external pulsed current" "G. Berdiyorov, K. Harrabi, J. P. Maneval, Francois Peeters" "Using the anisotropic time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory we study the effect of ordered and disordered pinning on the time response of superconducting strips to an external current that switched on abruptly. The pinning centers result in a considerable delay of the response time of the system to such abrupt switching on of the current, whereas the output voltage is always larger when pinning is present. The resistive state in both cases are characterized either by dynamically stable phase-slip centers/lines or expanding in-time hot-spots, which are the main mechanisms for dissipation in current-carrying superconductors. We find that hot-spots are always initiated by the phase-slip state. However, the range of the applied current for the phase-slip state increases significantly when pinning is introduced. Qualitative changes are observed in the dynamics of the superconducting condensate in the presence of pinning." "Modelling Distribution of External–Internal Trips and Its Intra-region and Inter-region Transferability" "Syed FAZAL ABBAS BAQUERI, Muhammad ADNAN, Luk KNAPEN, Tom BELLEMANS, Davy JANSSENS" "Estimating external–internal (EI) trips is an important component of travel demand modelling which is ignored in earlier studies. This study describes conventional and standardized regression models to analyse EI trips in Karachi metropolis, Pakistan, and in three cities in Belgium. Model development relies only on the travel survey data to obtain travel information of the residents of the study area and on open source platforms for land use and transport network information. Intra-region and inter-region transferability of the model is examined through four transfer methods: naïve, intercept update, coefficients update and standardized regression. Results revealed that the standardized regression model is most suitable for model transferability between two regions. Furthermore, land use profile and type of the study area are the two most significant factors that govern the transferability. The results will help estimate EI trips and incorporate them in the travel demand model estimation." "Externally applied iron based shape memory strips as shear reinforcement for concrete I-sections" "Muhammad Arslan Yaqub, Christoph Czaderski, Stijn Matthys" "Estimating Incoming cross-border Trips through Land use data resources - A case of Karachi City" "Syed FAZAL ABBAS BAQUERI, Won Do Lee, Luk KNAPEN, Tom BELLEMANS, Davy JANSSENS, Geert WETS" "A multitude of studies have been motivated on the association between land use, urban settings and transport infrastructure to assist policy makers in sustainable planning. Alike, incorporation of cross-border trips have been an integral part of transportation demand models through external surveys. The present study seeks to explore the Incoming Cross Border Traffic (ICBT) into a study area based on the characteristics of a study area that attracts cross-border trips from outside region. This paper presents an analysis of cross-border trips in Karachi Metropolis, largest city of Pakistan, through Household Individual Survey (HIS-2010) and land use data from alternative resources. Results reveal that land use particulars, socioeconomic characteristics and travel attributes of individuals significantly influences cross-border trips and this effect varies spatially. Work, shopping and Education trips are discussed through separate models in this paper with a number of practical insights to policy makers for sustainable development of city. This study contribute in elucidating travel behaviour through land use parameters and also persuade professionals to integrate estimation of cross-border trips by socioeconomic parameters, in transport forecasting models." "A guide to enteral nutrition in intensive care units: 10 expert tips for the daily practice" "Michael Casaer, Greet Van den Berghe" "The preferential use of the oral/enteral route in critically ill patients over gut rest is uniformly recommended and applied. This article provides practical guidance on enteral nutrition in compliance with recent American and European guidelines. Low-dose enteral nutrition can be safely started within 48 h after admission, even during treatment with small or moderate doses of vasopressor agents. A percutaneous access should be used when enteral nutrition is anticipated for ≥ 4 weeks. Energy delivery should not be calculated to match energy expenditure before day 4-7, and the use of energy-dense formulas can be restricted to cases of inability to tolerate full-volume isocaloric enteral nutrition or to patients who require fluid restriction. Low-dose protein (max 0.8 g/kg/day) can be provided during the early phase of critical illness, while a protein target of > 1.2 g/kg/day could be considered during the rehabilitation phase. The occurrence of refeeding syndrome should be assessed by daily measurement of plasma phosphate, and a phosphate drop of 30% should be managed by reduction of enteral feeding rate and high-dose thiamine. Vomiting and increased gastric residual volume may indicate gastric intolerance, while sudden abdominal pain, distension, gastrointestinal paralysis, or rising abdominal pressure may indicate lower gastrointestinal intolerance." "On the impact of replacing low-speed configuration buses on FPGAs with the chip’s internal configuration infrastructure" "Karel Heyse, Jente Basteleus, Brahim Al Farisi, Dirk Stroobandt, Oliver Kadlcek, Oliver Pell" "It is common for large hardware designs to have a number of registers or memories of which the contents have to be changed very seldom, e.g. only at startup. The conventional way of accessing these memories is using a low-speed memory bus. This bus uses valuable hardware resources, introduces long, global connections and contributes to routing congestion. Hence, it has an impact on the overall design even though it is only rarely used. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) already contains a global communication mechanism in the form of its configuration infrastructure. In this paper we evaluate the use of the configuration infrastructure as a replacement for a low-speed memory bus on the Maxeler HPC platform. We find that by removing the conventional low-speed memory bus the maximum clock frequency of some applications can be improved by 8%. Improvements by 25% and more are also attainable, but constraints of the Xilinx reconfiguration infrastructure prevent fully exploiting these benefits at the moment. We present a number of possible changes to the Xilinx reconfiguration infrastructure and tools that would solve this and make these results more widely applicable."