Titel Deelnemers "Korte inhoud" "Divergence Across the Atlantic? US Skepticism Meets the EU and the WTO’s Appellate Body" "Bart Kerremans" "In 2019, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization’s Dispute Settlement System (WTO-DSS) lost its quorum. Instead of the required minimum number of three members, the Appellate Body’s membership fell to one member only as the U.S. under Donald Trump blocked the appointment of new members upon the expiry of the terms of two incumbent ones. The Appellate Body’s paralysis produced a high level of shock in the EU. In this paper, we take a closer look at the U.S.’s decision to paralyze the WTO’s Appellate Body and the EU’s reaction to it. Its point is that it will not be easy to get the U.S. back on board as the factors that drove its decision predate the Trump era. Long before Trump, the tradeoff upon which the U.S. based its acceptance of the WTO-DSS unraveled. For U.S. policy makers, the EU is partly to blame for this as it undermined the system’s prompt compliance assumption. More important even is the claim that the system’s Appellate Body created new obligations for the WTO-members to the point where the acceptance of some WTO rules – notably regarding trade remedies – became politically unsustainable in the U.S. itself." "U.S. Trade Policy: Japan vs. China, from Politically Economic to Existential" "Bart Kerremans" "Winning Hearts, Losing Minds: Politicization and Contestation of Expertise in the Context of TTIP Negotiations" "Francesca Colli, Bart Kerremans" "Detecting Looming Vetoes: Getting the European Parliament's Consent in Trade Agreements" "Johan Adriaensen" "Met Biden wordt (niet) alles anders" "Bart Kerremans" "Lobbying the state or the market? A framework to study civil society organizations’ strategic behavior" "Francesca Colli, Johan Adriaensen" "© 2018 The Authors. Regulation & Governance Published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd This article lays out a framework for the conditions under which a civil society organization lobbies the state and when it turns to the market. This strategic choice cannot be understood solely from within current frameworks of lobbying strategies; insights from interest group studies must be complemented with the social movement literature's understanding of market-based strategies. We build an overarching framework by extending the inside and outside lobbying dichotomy to include strategies that target the market. We also argue that it is crucial to understand the relations between both lobbying venues, as their relative power affects the choice not only between inside or outside lobbying, but also between the state or the market. The result is a richer framework more suited to capture the breadth of contemporary civil society organization lobbying behavior and, more importantly, to facilitate the comparative assessment of different strategic choices in future empirical research." "Improving a self-assessment tool to monitor generic skills development in an active learning environment" "Afke Groen, Patrick Bijsmans, Johan Adriaensen" "LGBTI Rights in Turkey: Sexuality and the State in the Middle East." "Koen Slootmaeckers" "Het presidentschap van Donald Trump" "Bart Kerremans" "Frontiers of Civil Society: Government and Hegemony in Serbia" "Koen Slootmaeckers"