Municipal wastewater as a source for phosphorus

Phosphorus is one of the key elements for all biochemical processes of living organisms. Recognition of its importance in agriculture drove the application of mineral fertilizers to become a common practice. Municipal wastewater contains phosphorus in the forms of ortho-, poly-, and organic phosphate. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of wastewater treatment. It focuses on the number and proportion of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the phosphorous content in the wastewater, phosphorus removal technology, phosphorous-rich sludge production within the WWTPs, and sludge processing methods. Phosphorus removal methods may differ depending on the size of the WWTP. Physical treatment such as filtration can lower the particulate phosphorus content. Most widely used method is chemical precipitation via various iron and aluminum salts. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal, designed typically for large WWTPs, ensure the stable phosphorus flow necessary for the functionality of the biological process.

ISBN:9781118921487

Jaar van publicatie:2020

Toegankelijkheid:Closed