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Systematic quantification of synapses in primary neuronal culture University of Antwerp

Peter Verstraelen, Alfonso Gerardo Garcia, Marlies Verschuuren, Bob Asselbergh, Peter H. Larsen, Jean-Pierre Timmermans, Winnok De Vos
Most neurological disorders display impaired synaptic connectivity. Hence, modulation of synapse formation may have therapeutic relevance. However, the high density and small size of synapses complicate their quantification. To improve synapse-oriented screens, we analyzed the labeling performance of synapse-targeting antibodies on neuronal cell cultures using segmentation-independent image analysis based on sliding window correlation. When ...

A convolutional neural-network framework for modelling auditory sensory cells and synapses Ghent University

Fotios Drakopoulos, Deepak Baby, Sarah Verhulst
In classical computational neuroscience, analytical model descriptions are derived from neuronal recordings to mimic the underlying biological system. These neuronal models are typically slow to compute and cannot be integrated within large-scale neuronal simulation frameworks. We present a hybrid, machine-learning and computational-neuroscience approach that transforms analytical models of sensory neurons and synapses into deep-neural-network ...

Plastic changes at corticostriatal synapses predict improved motor function in a partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Eduard Mihai Bentea, Cynthia Moore, Lauren Deneyer, Lise Verbruggen, Madeline J Churchill, Rebecca L Hood, Charles K Meshul, Ann Massie

In Parkinson's disease, striatal dopamine depletion leads to plastic changes at excitatory corticostriatal and thalamostriatal synapses. The functional consequences of these responses on the expression of behavioral deficits are incompletely understood. In addition, most of the information on striatal synaptic plasticity has been obtained in models with severe striatal dopamine depletion, and less is known regarding changes during early ...

Emergence of connectivity motifs in networks of model neurons with short- and long-term plastic synapses University of Antwerp

Eleni Vasilaki, Michele Giugliano
Recent experimental data from the rodent cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb indicate that specific connectivity motifs are correlated with short-term dynamics of excitatory synaptic transmission. It was observed that neurons with short-term facilitating synapses form predominantly reciprocal pairwise connections, while neurons with short-term depressing synapses form predominantly unidirectional pairwise connections. The cause of these ...

Long-term plasticity of inhibitory synapses in the hippocampus and spatial learning depends on matrix metalloproteinase 3 KU Leuven

Inge Van Hove, Lies De Groef, Lieve Moons
Learning and memory are known to depend on synaptic plasticity. Whereas the involvement of plastic changes at excitatory synapses is well established, plasticity mechanisms at inhibitory synapses only start to be discovered. Extracellular proteolysis is known to be a key factor in glutamatergic plasticity but nothing is known about its role at GABAergic synapses. We reveal that pharmacological inhibition of MMP3 activity or genetic knockout of ...

Combination of group I mGlu receptors antagonist with dopaminergic agonistsstrengthens the synaptic transmission at corticostriatal synapses in culture Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Adeline Burguiere, Dimitri De Bundel, Emmanuel Valjent, Jonathan Roger, Ilse Smolders, Laurent Fagni, Julie Perroy
Restoring synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases could prevent neuronal degeneration, as well
as motor and cognitive disorders. In Parkinson's disease, synaptic plasticity at corticostriatal synapses is
altered. Dendrites of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) receive dopaminergic inputs from the
substantia nigra and glutamatergic cortical afferents. Because both glutamate and dopamine are required
to induce and sustain ...

Heterogeneous properties of central lateral and parafascicular thalamic synapses in the striatum University of Antwerp

Tommas Ellender, J. Harwood, P. Kosillo, M. Capogna, J.P. Bolam
To understand the principles of operation of the striatum it is critical to elucidate the properties of the main excitatory inputs from cortex and thalamus, as well as their ability to activate the main neurons of the striatum, the medium spiny neurons (MSNs). As the thalamostriatal projection is heterogeneous, we set out to isolate and study the thalamic afferent inputs to MSNs using small localized injections of adeno-associated virus carrying ...

Combination of group I mGlu receptors antagonist with dopaminergic agonists strengthens the synaptic transmission at corticostriatal synapses in culture Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Adeline Burguiere, Dimitri De Bundel, Emmanuel Valjent, Jonathan Roger, Ilse Smolders, Laurent Fagni, Julie Perroy

Restoring synaptic plasticity in neurodegenerative diseases could prevent neuronal degeneration, as well as motor and cognitive disorders. In Parkinson's disease, synaptic plasticity at corticostriatal synapses is altered. Dendrites of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) receive dopaminergic inputs from the substantia nigra and glutamatergic cortical afferents. Because both glutamate and dopamine are required to induce and sustain MSNs ...

Pathogenic SYNGAP1 Mutations Impair Cognitive Development by Disrupting Maturation of Dendritic Spine Synapses KU Leuven

Jan Clement
Mutations that cause intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are commonly found in genes that encode for synaptic proteins. However, it remains unclear how mutations that disrupt synapse function impact intellectual ability. In the SYNGAP1 mouse model of ID/ASD, we found that dendritic spine synapses develop prematurely during the early postnatal period. Premature spine maturation dramatically enhanced excitability in the ...

Impaired development of hippocampal mossy fibre synapses in mouse mutants for the presynaptic scaffold protein Bassoon KU Leuven

Detlef Balschun
Bassoon, a protein highly concentrated at the synaptic active zone, is thought to participate in the organization of the cytomatrix at the site of neurotransmitter release. Bassoon is amongst the first proteins to accumulate at newly formed synaptic junctions, raising the question of the functional role of this protein in the early stages of synaptic development. Here we show that the course of synaptic maturation of hippocampal mossy fibre (MF) ...