Exchange-biased nanoscale materials with multiple interfaces prepared by ion implantation. KU Leuven
Exchange bias, which results from the interaction between a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet, is typically manifested by a shift and broadening of the hysteresis loop. It has gained technological importance since it is used to establish a reference direction in spintronic devices. The bulk of exchange bias research has been focused on thin films in which Co and CoO are the archetypal ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials, respectively. ...