Publications

Ionizing radiation is a potent carcinogen, inducing cancer through DNA damage. The signatures of mutations arising in human tissues following in vivo exposure to ionizing radiation have not been documented. Here, we searched for signatures of ionizing radiation in 12 radiation-associated second malignancies of different tumour types. Two signatures of somatic mutation characterize ionizing radiation exposure irrespective of tumour type. Compared ...

The health effects arising from exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation are of particular concern, mainly due to the increased application of diagnostic and therapeutic X-ray modalities. The mechanisms behind the cell and tissue responses to low doses remain to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that low doses of ionizing radiation induce activation of the immune response; however, the processes involved have yet to be adequately ...

The health effects arising from exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation are of particular concern, mainly due to the increased application of diagnostic and therapeutic X-ray modalities. The mechanisms behind the cell and tissue responses to low doses remain to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that low doses of ionizing radiation induce activation of the immune response; however, the processes involved have yet to be adequately ...

For years research concerning radiation-induced damage initiated from the reasoning that in order for cells to experience malignant effects of ionizing radiation, direct contact of specific targets (DNA, RNA,..) with the radiation itself or with short-lived free radicals is required. It is becoming increasingly clear however, that cells experience a plethora of influences that are not solely restricted to close proximity effects. Apart from ...

Ionizing radiation (IR) is always present in the environment as it is constantly being emanated from natural sources (such as cosmic rays and naturally occurring radionuclides embedded within the earth’s crust) and man-made sources (such as controlled releases from the medical industry and accidental releases from nuclear power plants). The recent anthropogenic-induced increase of radioactive elements in nature has augmented the risk of exposure ...

Traditionally, non-cancer diseases are not considered as health risks following exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation. Indeed, non-cancer diseases are classified as deterministic tissue reactions, which are characterized by a threshold dose. It is judged that below an absorbed dose of 100 mGy, no clinically relevant tissue damage occurs, forming the basis for the current radiation protection system concerning non-cancer effects. Recent ...

One mechanism proposed as a link between exposure to ionizing radiation and detrimental effects on organisms is oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we surveyed the scientific literature on the effects of chronic low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) on antioxidant responses and oxidative damage. We found 40 publications and 212 effect sizes for antioxidant responses and 288 effect sizes for effects of oxidative damage. We performed a ...

Ionizing radiation is a known human carcinogen that can induce a variety of biological effects depending on the physical nature, duration, doses and dose-rates of exposure. However, the magnitude of health risks at low doses and dose-rates (below 100mSv and/or 0.1mSvmin(-1)) remains controversial due to a lack of direct human evidence. It is anticipated that significant insights will emerge from the integration of epidemiological and biological ...

© 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis. The objective of this study was to determine the molecular and biochemical changes in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) due to consecutive low-dose ionizing radiation exposures using label-free Raman micro-spectroscopy (RMS). Ionizing radiation produces biological damage leading to health effects of varying severity. The effects and subsequent health implications caused by exposure to low-dose radiation, such ...

PURPOSE: The nucleoside 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) is a low-energy mimetic and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist that can affect the phenotype of malignant cells by diminishing their anabolism. It does this by being converted to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribotide (ZMP), an AMP analog. We combined this promising antineoplastic agent with ionizing radiation in an attempt to increase its ...