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Effect of receptor specificity of A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) influenza virus variants on replication and transmission in pigs Ghent University
Emerging options for interfering with influenza virus entry and replication KU Leuven
Influenza viruses are highly contagious respiratory pathogens with considerable medical and socio-economical burden, whether in the context of the seasonal influenza epidemics or the unpredictable, yet potentially, severe pandemics. The current influenza vaccines require annual updating and provide only partial protection. Hence, antiviral drugs are an essential component in the prevention and treatment of influenza virus infections. At the ...
In Vitro Characterization of the Carbohydrate-Binding Agents HHA, GNA, and UDA as Inhibitors of Influenza A and B Virus Replication KU Leuven Ghent University
Here, we report on the anti-influenza virus activity of the mannose-binding agents Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin (HHA) and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) and the (N-acetylglucosamine) n -specific Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA). These carbohydrate-binding agents (CBA) strongly inhibited various influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B viruses in vitro, with 50% effective concentration values ranging from 0.016 to 83 nM, generating selectivity ...
Hemagglutinin Cleavability, Acid Stability, and Temperature Dependence Optimize Influenza B Virus for Replication in Human Airways KU Leuven
Influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV) cause yearly epidemics with significant morbidity and mortality. When zoonotic IAVs enter the human population, the viral hemagglutinin (HA) requires adaptation to achieve sustained virus transmission. In contrast, IBV has been circulating in humans, its only host, for a long period of time. Whether this entailed adaptation of IBV HA to the human airways is unknown. To address this question, we ...
Distinct effects of T-705 (favipiravir) and ribavirin on influenza virus replication and viral RNA synthesis KU Leuven
T-705 (favipiravir) is a new antiviral agent in advanced clinical development for influenza therapy. It is supposed to act as an alternative substrate for the viral polymerase, causing inhibition of viral RNA synthesis or virus mutagenesis. These mechanisms were also proposed for ribavirin, an established and broad antiviral drug that shares structural similarity with T-705. We here performed a comparative analysis of the effects of T-705 and ...
Antibodies directed towards neuraminidase restrict influenza virus replication in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Flanders Institute for Biotechnology Ghent University
Structures of influenza A virus RNA polymerase offer insight into viral genome replication. Flanders Institute for Biotechnology Vrije Universiteit Brussel
De rol van receptor tyrosine kinasen en geassocieerde gangliosiden in de replicatie van het influenza virus KU Leuven
Influenza infections produce significant medical and socio-economic burden. Every year, human influenza A and B viruses cause millions of cases of severe respiratory illness and death. Every so often, a pandemic arises when a zoonotic influenza A virus with sustained human transmissibility enters the human population. Antivirals are crucial for influenza treatment and prevention, especially in fragile populations such as elderly. At the moment, ...
Prior infection with an H1N1 swine influenza virus partially protects pigs against a low pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus KU Leuven Ghent University
Most humans lack virus neutralizing (VN) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies to H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs), but cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibition (NI) antibodies and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses are common. These immune responses result largely from infections with seasonal human H1N1 influenza viruses, but the protective effect of H1N1 infection-immunity against H5N1 infection has never been examined. To this ...