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Prevalence of microcephaly and Zika virus infection in a pregnancy cohort in Kenya, 2017-2019 Institute of Tropical Medicine

Eric Mogaka Osoro, Irene Inwani, Cyrus Mugo, Elizabeth Hunsperger, Jennifer R Verani, Victor Omballa, Dalton Wamalwa, Chulwoo Rhee, Ruth Nduati, John Kinuthia, et al.

BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in Uganda in 1947, re-emerged globally in 2013 and was later associated with microcephaly and other birth defects. We determined the incidence of ZIKV infection and its association with adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes in a pregnancy cohort in Kenya.

METHODS: From October 2017 to July 2019, we recruited and followed up women aged ≥ 15 years and ≤ 28 weeks pregnant in three hospitals ...

A cross-sectional analysis of Zika virus infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic non-pregnant travellers: experience of a European reference center during the outbreak in the Americas Institute of Tropical Medicine KU Leuven

Ula Maniewski-Kelner, Dorien Van den Bossche, Erica Lotgering, Achilleas Tsoumanis, Jan Jacobs, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Emmanuel Bottieau

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection a concern to travellers because of potential sexual transmission and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To describe our experience in diagnosing ZIKV in travellers returning from endemic territories.

Method: Travellers were evaluated for ZIKV at our clinic in a 12-month period during the outbreak, using ZIKV-specific RT-PCR and anti-ZIKV Immunoglobulin M/G ELISA when ...

Knowledge and attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus infection among general practitioners in Indonesia Institute of Tropical Medicine

Harapan Harapan, Yogambigai Rajamoorthy, Prattama S. Utomo, Samsul Anwar, Abdul M. Setiawan, Alma Alleta, Alfredo Bambang, Muhammad R. Ramadana, Ikram Ikram, Nur Wahyuniati, et al.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection among general practitioners (GPs), a frontline healthcare worker group, in Indonesia. 

Methods: A cross-sectional, online survey assessing knowledge and attitudes towards ZIKV infection on multiple-item scales was sent to GPs in the Sumatra and Java islands of Indonesia. The associations ...

Therapeutic treatment of Zika virus infection using a brain-penetrating antiviral peptide Ghent University

Joshua A Jackman, Vivian V Costa, Soohyun Park, Ana Luiza CV Real, Jae Hyeon Park, Pablo L Cardozo, Abdul Rahim Ferhan, Isabella G Olmo, Thaiane P Moreira, Jordana L Bambirra, et al.
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus that is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including Guillain-Barre syndrome' and congenital Zika syndrome(2). As Zika virus targets the nervous system, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic strategies that inhibit Zika virus infection in the brain. Here, we have engineered a brain-penetrating peptide that works against Zika virus and other mosquito-borne viruses. We evaluated the ...

A Novel Series of Indole Alkaloid Derivatives Inhibit Dengue and Zika Virus Infection by Interference with the Viral Replication Complex KU Leuven

Antonios Fikatas, Magdalini Bletsa, Liana Kafetzopoulou, Philippe Lemey, Christophe Pannecouque, Dominique Schols
Here, we identified a novel class of compounds which demonstrated good antiviral activity against dengue and Zika virus infection. These derivatives constitute intermediates in the synthesis of indole (ervatamine-silicine) alkaloids and share a tetracyclic structure, with an indole and a piperidine fused to a seven-membered carbocyclic ring. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated the importance of substituent at position C-6 and ...

Incidence of Zika virus infection in a prospective cohort of Belgian travelers to the Americas in 2016 Institute of Tropical Medicine KU Leuven

Ralph Huits, Dorien Van den Bossche, Kaat Eggermont, Erica Lotgering, Anne-Marie Feyens, Idzi Potters, Jan Jacobs, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Lieselotte Cnops, Emmanuel Bottieau, et al.

BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in travelers from non-endemic areas to the Americas during the ZIKV outbreak in 2016 is unknown.

METHODS: We prospectively recruited Belgian adults, who planned to travel to South America (SAM), Central America (CAM) and the Caribbean (CAR), to study the incidence and characteristics of ZIKV. We collected demographic data and sera at baseline. We trained participants to ...

Confirmed Zika virus infection in a Belgian traveler returning from Guatemala, and the diagnostic challenges of imported cases into Europe University of Antwerp Institute of Tropical Medicine

Birgit De Smet, Dorien Van den Bossche, Charlotte van de Werve, Jacques Mairesse, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, Jo Michiels, Kevin Ariën, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Lieselotte Cnops
We report the first laboratory-confirmed Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in a Belgian traveler after a three week holiday in Guatemala, December 2015. This case along with other imported cases into Europe emphases once again the need for accurate diagnostic tools for this rapidly emerging virus. The challenge is to diagnose patients in the acute phase, which appears short, as serological testing is complicated by cross-reactivity, vaccination status ...

Zika virus infection leads to mitochondrial failure, oxidative stress and DNA damage in human iPSC-derived astrocytes KU Leuven

Pitia Flores Ledur, Karina Karmirian, Carolina da Silva Gouveia Pedrosa, Leticia Rocha Quintino Souza, Gabriela Assis-de-Lemos, Thiago Martino Martins, Jessica de Cassia Cavalheiro Gomes Ferreira, Gabriel Ferreira de Azevedo Reis, Eduardo Santos Silva, Debora Silva, et al.
Zika virus (ZIKV) has been extensively studied since it was linked to congenital malformations, and recent research has revealed that astrocytes are targets of ZIKV. However, the consequences of ZIKV infection, especially to this cell type, remain largely unknown, particularly considering integrative studies aiming to understand the crosstalk among key cellular mechanisms and fates involved in the neurotoxicity of the virus. Here, the ...

A yellow fever–Zika chimeric virus vaccine candidate protects against Zika infection and congenital malformations in mice KU Leuven

Dieudonne Buh Kum, Niraj Mishra, Robbert Boudewijns, Ji Ma, Dominique Schols, Suzanne Kaptein, Johan Neyts, Kai Dallmeier
The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in the Americas led to an intense search for therapeutics and vaccines. Here we report the engineering of a chimeric virus vaccine candidate (YF-ZIKprM/E) by replacing the antigenic surface glycoproteins and the capsid anchor of YFV-17D with those of a prototypic Asian lineage ZIKV isolate. By intracellular passaging, a variant with adaptive mutations in the E protein was obtained. Unlike YFV-17D, ...

The viral polymerase inhibitor 7-deaza-2'-C-methyladenosine Is a potent inhibitor of in vitro Zika virus replication and delays disease progression in a robust mouse infection model KU Leuven

Joanna Zmurko, Dominique Schols, Erik Verbeken, Suzanne Kaptein, Johan Neyts
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus typically causing a dengue-like febrile illness, but neurological complications, such as microcephaly in newborns, have potentially been linked to this viral infection. We established a panel of in vitro assays to allow the identification of ZIKV inhibitors and demonstrate that the viral polymerase inhibitor 7-deaza-2'-C-methyladenosine (7DMA) efficiently inhibits replication. Infection of AG129 ...