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Non-linear Associations Between Visceral Adipose Tissue Distribution and Anthropometry-Based Estimates of Visceral Adiposity Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Aldo Scafoglieri, Jona Van Den Broeck, Erik Cattrysse, Ivan Bautmans, Steven Heymsfield

Background: Recent evidence suggests that excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with future loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and skeletal muscle (SM) with aging. In clinical settings (abdominal) circumferences are commonly used to estimate body composition (BC). We aimed to study the linearity of VAT distribution ratios (i.e., VAT/SAT ratio and VAT/SM ratio), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) with age ...

Biased intensity judgements of visceral sensations after learning to fear visceral stimuli: a drift diffusion approach KU Leuven

Jonas Zaman, Victoria Madden, Julie Iven, Nathalie Weltens, Johan Vlaeyen, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Ilse Van Diest
A growing body of research has identified fear of visceral sensations as a potential mechanism in the development and maintenance of visceral pain disorders. However, the extent to which such learned fear affects visceroception remains unclear. To address this question, we used a differential fear conditioning paradigm with nonpainful esophageal balloon distensions of 2 different intensities as conditioning stimuli (CSs). The experiment ...

Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis resembling post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani in three patients co-infected with visceral leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Ethio Institute of Tropical Medicine

T Gelanew, Z Hurissa, Ermias Diro, A Kassahun, K Kuhls, G. Schönian, A. Hailu
We report paired strains of Leishmania parasites, one from the viscera and the other from skin lesions that were isolated from three patients with visceral leishmaniasis and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis that were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The causative parasites were characterized by polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 and by a panel of ...

Study of subcutaneous fat and visceral fat pork, feasibility of MRI and determining region of interest University of Antwerp

A. Barbero, I. Garcia-Real, S. Astiz, Miriam Ayuso Hernando, C.J. Lopez-Bote, A. Gonzalez-Bulnes
Objectifs Déterminer la faisabilité de lIRM pour la réalisation dimageries de la graisse sous-cutanée et viscérale au cours détudes longitudinales sur des modèles porcins dobésité (porc ibérique) in vivo. Établir les régions dintérêt (RDI) anatomiques et les points de mesure (PM) adéquats afin de les évaluer par des analyses portant sur la variabilité inter-individuelle et leur reproductibilité au cours du temps et par lévaluation de leur ...

Atypical manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis in patients with HIV in north Ethiopia Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Antwerp

Ermias Diro, Johan van Griensven, Rezika Mohammed, Robert Colebunders, Mesfin Asefa, Asrat Hailu, Lut Lynen

In regions where it is endemic, visceral leishmaniasis is an important opportunistic infectious disease in people living with HIV. Typically, clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis includes chronic fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and weight loss. In Leishmania infantum endemic regions in Europe, atypical visceral leishmaniasis presentations have been well documented, with almost every possible organ involved. However, such reports are ...

Do we perceive sensations inside and outside of our body differently? Perceptual, emotional, and behavioral differences between visceral and somatic sensation, discomfort, and pain Ghent University KU Leuven

Livia Guadagnoli, Yannick Hoffert, Sofie Den Hond, Erwin Dreesen, Dimitri Van Ryckeghem, Stefaan Van Damme, Jonas Zaman, Lukas Van Oudenhove
Background Experimental research evaluating differences between the visceral and somatic stimulation is limited to pain and typically uses different induction methods for visceral and somatic stimulation (e.g., rectal balloon distention vs. tactile hand stimulation). Our study aimed to compare differences in response time, intensity, unpleasantness, and threat between identical electrical visceral and somatic stimulations at both painful and ...

The effect of Exercise on Visceral Adipose Tissue in Overweight Adults: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Vrije Universiteit Brussel

V. Vissers, W. Hens, Jan Taeymans, Jean-Pierre Baeyens, Jacques Poortmans
Excessive visceral adipose tissue appears to trigger a cascade of metabolic disturbances that seem to coexist with ectopic fat storage in muscle, liver, heart and the ß-cell. Therefore, the reduction of visceral adipose tissue potentially plays a pivotal role in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to describe the overall effect of exercise on visceral adipose tissue and to provide ...

Change in visceral fat and total body fat and the effect on cardiometabolic risk factors during transgender hormone therapy Ghent University

Maartje Klaver, Daan van Velzen, Christel de Blok, Nienke Nota, Chantal Wiepjes, Justine Defreyne, Thomas Schreiner, Alessandra Fisher, Jos Twisk, Jaap Seidell, et al.
Introduction Excess visceral fat increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and is influenced by sex hormones. Our aim was to investigate changes in visceral fat and the ratio of visceral fat to total body fat (VAT/TBF) and their associations with changes in lipids and insulin resistance after 1 year of hormone therapy in trans persons. Methods In 179 trans women and 162 trans men, changes in total body and visceral fat ...

HIV-1 protease inhibitors for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-co-infected individuals Institute of Tropical Medicine

Johan van Griensven, Ermias Diro, R. Lopez-Velez, Lut Lynen, E. Zijlstra, JC Dujardin, A. Hailu
The global prevalence of HIV is a major challenge for control of visceral leishmaniasis, a disseminated protozoan infection. In some east African regions, up to 40% of patients with visceral leishmaniasis are co-infected with HIV. Management of visceral leishmaniasis in such patients is complicated by treatment failures and relapses, even while patients are receiving standard antiretroviral therapy. In-vitro studies have consistently documented ...

Pathophysiologic importance of visceral adipose tissue in women with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction Hasselt University Vrije Universiteit Brussel

H Sorimachi, M Obokata, N Takahashi, YNV Reddy, CC Jain, Frederik VERBRUGGE, KE Koepp, S Khosla, MD Jensen, BA Borlaug, et al.
Aims Central obesity is a major risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), particularly in women, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that sex-specific differences in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) content would differentially relate to haemodynamic severity of HFpEF in women and men.Methods and results Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and invasive haemodynamic exercise testing were performed in 105 ...