Publications
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Is frontloaded sputum microscopy an option in active tuberculosis case finding? Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Antwerp
SETTING: Active tuberculosis (TB) case finding (ACF) in Phnom Penh, Cambodia using light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy (FM).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the smear-positive yield of frontloaded (same-day) smear microscopy in ACF.
DESIGN: All presumptive TB cases screened through ACF were asked to provide three sputum specimens: two spot specimens on Day 1 and a morning specimen on Day 2 (spot-spot-morning, SSM). Laboratory ...
Are sputum samples of retreatment tuberculosis reaching the reference laboratories? A 9-year audit in Tanzania Institute of Tropical Medicine
Prevalence of pulmonary TB and spoligotype pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among TB suspects in a rural community in Southwest Ethiopia Institute of Tropical Medicine
BACKGROUND: In Ethiopia where there is no strong surveillance system and state of the art diagnostic facilities are limited, the real burden of tuberculosis (TB) is not well known. We conducted a community based survey to estimate the prevalence of pulmonary TB and spoligotype pattern of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A total of 30040 adults in 10882 households were screened for pulmonary TB in Gilgel ...
Extension of the intensive phase reduces relapse but not failure in a regimen with rifampicin throughout Institute of Tropical Medicine
Effects of decontamination, DNA extraction and amplification procedures on the molecular diagnosis of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Buruli ulcer) Institute of Tropical Medicine
We compared two DNA extraction methods (a semi-automated method using Maxwell(R) kit and a modified Boom method) and three amplification procedures (a single-step PCR, a nested PCR and a real-time quantitative PCR) on 74 surgical tissue specimens from clinically suspected Buruli ulcer patients. All these procedures were compared before and after decontamination.We observed that, among the procedures tested, real-time PCR after the modified Boom ...
Relatively low primary drug resistant tuberculosis in southwestern Ethiopia Institute of Tropical Medicine
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Ethiopia in general, and Jimma area in particular, is not well documented. We conducted a study at Jimma University specialized hospital in southwest Ethiopia among new cases of smear positive TB patients to determine the pattern of resistance to first-line drugs. METHODS: A health institution based cross sectional study was conducted from November 2010 to September 2011. Any ...
Efficacy and safety of a 4-drug fixed-dose combination regimen compared with separate drugs for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: the Study C randomized controlled trial Institute of Tropical Medicine
CONTEXT: Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis have been advocated to prevent the emergence of drug resistance. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of a 4-drug FDC for the treatment of tuberculosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: The Study C trial, a parallel-group, open-label, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial conducted in 11 sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America between 2003 and 2008. ...
Evaluation of the Genotype(R) MTBDRplus assay as a tool for drug resistance surveys Institute of Tropical Medicine
SETTING: A national tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance survey in Tanzania. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of the Genotype(R) MTBDRplus line-probe assay (LPA) on smear-positive sputum specimens with conventional culture and isoniazid (INH) plus rifampicin (RMP) drug susceptibility testing (DST). DESIGN: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates tested at the Tanzanian Central TB Reference Laboratory (CTRL) were submitted for quality assurance of ...
High prevalence of primary multidrug resistant tuberculosis in persons with no known risk factors Institute of Tropical Medicine
INTRODUCTION: In high multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) prevalence areas, drug susceptibility testing (DST) at diagnosis is recommended for patients with risk factors for MDR. However, this approach might miss a substantial proportion of MDR-TB in the general population. We studied primary MDR in patients considered to be at low risk of MDR-TB in Lima, Peru. METHODS: We enrolled new sputum smear-positive TB patients who did not report ...