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The role of the primary health care system in prevention, control and elimination of schistosomiasis in Burundi Institute of Tropical Medicine

Paul Bizimana
Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in the world, especially in (sub)tropical countries. It affects more than 78 countries in the world, of which more than 90% are in sub-Saharan Africa. Linked to poverty, its consequences are of great importance for individuals, households, communities and countries. In Burundi, the disease is known for several decades. Only S. mansoni is endemic in the country. The main objective of this thesis ...

Designing and monitoring large-scale deworming programs for soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis in Ethiopia Ghent University

Gemechu Tadesse Leta
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of bacterial, parasitic and viral communicable diseases. They are widespread in tropical and subtropical countries where poverty, inadequate sanitation and hygiene are common. A group of these NTDs can be controlled by either innovation or intensified disease management at the level of the individual patient, or through interventions targeting most at-risk populations. Some of the amenable ...

Global analysis of neuropeptides in cestodes identifies Attachin, a SIFamide homolog, as a stimulant of parasite motility and attachment KU Leuven

Sven Van Bael, Liesbet Temmerman
Many anthelmintics target the neuromuscular system, in particular by interfering with signaling mediated by classical neurotransmitters. Although peptidergic signaling has been proposed as a novel target for anthelmintics, current knowledge of the neuropeptide complement of many helminth groups is still limited, especially for parasitic flatworms (cestodes, trematodes, and monogeneans). In this work, we have characterized the neuropeptide ...

Diagnosing polyparasitism in a high-prevalence setting in Beira, Mozambique Institute of Tropical Medicine

Lynn Meurs, Anton M Polderman, Natalie V S Vinkeles Melchers, Eric A T Brienen, Jaco J Verweij, Bernhard Groosjohan, Felisberto Mendes, Manito Mechendura, Dagmar H Hepp, Marijke C C Langenberg, et al.

BACKGROUND: Many different intestinal parasite species can co-occur in the same population. However, classic diagnostic tools can only frame a particular group of intestinal parasite species. Hence, one or two tests do not suffice to provide a complete picture of infecting parasite species in a given population. The present study investigated intestinal parasitic infections in Beira, Mozambique, i.e. in the informal settlement of Inhamudima. ...

Schistosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo Institute of Tropical Medicine

Joule Madinga, Sylvie Linsuke, Liliane Mpabanzi, Lynn Meurs, Kirezi Kanobana, Niko Speybroeck, Pascal Lutumba, Katja Polman

Schistosomiasis is a poverty-related parasitic infection, leading to chronic ill-health. For more than a century, schistosomiasis has been known to be endemic in certain provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). However, a clear overview on the status of the disease within the country is currently lacking, which is seriously hampering control. Here, we review the available information on schistosomiasis in DRC of the past 60 years. ...

E-cadherin expression in macrophages dampens their inflammatory responsiveness in vitro, but does not modulate M2-regulated pathologies in vivo Vrije Universiteit Brussel Ghent University

Jan Van Den Bossche, Damya Laoui, Thomas Naessens, Hermelijn H Smits, Cornelis H Hokke, Benoit Stijlemans, Johan Grooten, Patrick De Baetselier, Jo Van Ginderachter

IL-4/IL-13-induced alternatively activated macrophages (M(IL-4/IL-13), AAMs or M2) are known to express E-cadherin, enabling them to engage in heterotypic cellular interactions and IL-4-driven macrophage fusion in vitro. Here we show that E-cadherin overexpression in Raw 264.7 macrophages inhibits their inflammatory response to LPS stimulation, as demonstrated by a reduced secretion of inflammatory mediators like interleukin (IL)-6, tumor ...

Effect of genetic **SSTR4** ablation on inflammatory peptide and receptor expression in the non-inflamed and inflamed murine intestine University of Antwerp

Joeri Van Op den bosch, Pascal Torfs, Benedicte De Winter, Joris De Man, David Grundy, Luc Van Nassauw, Jean-Pierre Timmermans
The recently suggested pivotal role of somatostatin (SOM) receptor 4 (SSTR4) in inflammation and nociception in several non-intestinal organs and in gastrointestinal (GI) physiology, necessitates exploration of the role of SSTR4 in GI pathophysiology. Therefore, the role of SSTR4 in GI activity was explored by investigating the effects of SSTR4 deficiency on intestinal motility, smooth muscle contractility and on the expression of SSTRs and ...

The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Burundi and its consequences for control Institute of Tropical Medicine

Bruno Gryseels
This paper summarizes the results of a series of studies on the epidemiology, morbidity and transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in Burundi, and discusses their consequences for control. The main endemic area is the Imbo lowland, consisting of the Rusizi plain, the urban focus of Bujumbura, and the shores of lake Tanganyika; a small, new focus was discovered in the highlands, around lake Cohoha. Distribution studies on 5-10% population samples ...