Enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine responses following toll-like-receptor ligation in Schistosoma haematobium-infected schoolchildren from rural Gabon Institute of Tropical Medicine
BACKGROUND: Schistosoma infection is thought to lead to down-regulation of the host's immune response. This has been shown for adaptive immune responses, but the effect on innate immunity, that initiates and shapes the adaptive response, has not been extensively studied. In a first study to characterize these responses, we investigated the effect of Schistosoma haematobium infection on cytokine responses of Gabonese schoolchildren to a number of ...