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Understanding the rule of prevalence in the NIS directive: C-ITS as a case study KU Leuven
The paper discusses the interpretation of the rule of prevalence of Article 1 (7) NIS Directive, which has not been the subject of any academic debate so far. Article 1 (7) NIS Directive organises the interface between the NIS Directive regime and other European Union sector-specific legislations imposing (cyber)security obligations, by laying down the conditions according to which such obligations would prevail over the NIS Directive regime. ...
The new EU cybersecurity framework Vrije Universiteit Brussel
The NIS Directive is the first horizontal legislation undertaken at EU level for the protection of network and information systems across the Union. During the last decades e-services, new technologies, information systems and networks have become embedded in our daily lives. It is by now common knowledge that deliberate incidents causing disruption of IT services and critical infrastructures constitute a serious threat to their operation and ...
Misaligned Union laws? A comparative analysis of private law instruments in the Cybersecurity Act and the General Data Protection Regulation Vrije Universiteit Brussel
In 2019, the Cybersecurity Act, the EU law aiming to achieve high level of cybersecurity in the Union and Member States, entered into force. The CSA belongs to a broader set of Union laws providing a framework of legal protection of individual and collective rights from harmful use of information and communication technologies. Those laws introduce private law instruments for the achievement of legislative goals.2 Despite the overarching ...
Cybersecurity and the NIS2 Directive: regulatory aspects and sectoral perspectives KU Leuven
This contribution to the Consolidated Proceedings of the Second ECSCI Workshop on Critical Infrastructure Protection and Resilience summarises the key points presented during the panel 'Cybersecurity and the NIS2 Directive: regulatory aspects and sectoral perspectives' organised by KU Leuven CiTiP researchers involved in SAFECARE/ENSURESEC/PRAETORIAN projects. The panel analysed the impact of EU-proposed legislation concerning security and ...
Cybersecurity of Medical Devices. Regulatory challenges in the EU KU Leuven
Over the last decade, the number of connected-to-network medical devices significantly grew, which has led to their increased exposure to cyber incidents and attacks. The increasing digitalisation of healthcare service providers has enabled cyber-attack techniques towards them to become more liquid, flexible, and able to exploit all the possible paths of entry rapidly. Medical devices’ cybersecurity is currently a topic of utmost relevance all ...
European Commission Proposes Stricter, More Encompassing Cybersecurity Obligations for Companies University of Antwerp
The last months of 2020 saw impressive legislative activity by the European Commission, as it rolled out proposals for several regulations (namely, the Data Governance Act, the Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act), as well as proposed new Standard Contractual Clauses for international data transfers (expected to be adopted by April 2021), and also dealt with issues affecting data transfers to the UK due to Brexit. Amongst all of ...
A Marine Biodiversity Observation Network for genetic monitoring of hard-bottom communities (ARMS-MBON) Flanders Marine Institute
Marine hard-bottom communities are undergoing severe change under the influence of multiple drivers, notably climate change, extraction of natural resources, pollution and eutrophication, habitat degradation, and invasive species. Monitoring marine biodiversity in such habitats is, however, challenging as it typically involves expensive, non-standardized, and often destructive sampling methods that limit its scalability. Differences in ...
Discussion of the Effects of Recirculating Exhaust Air on Performance and Efficiency of a Typical Microturbine Vrije Universiteit Brussel
This paper reports on a specific phenomenon, noticed during steam injection experiments on a microturbine. During the considered experiments, measurements indicated an unsteady inlet air temperature of the compressor, resulting in unstable operation of the microturbine. Non-continuous exhaust air recirculation was a possible explanation for the observed behaviour of the microturbine.
The aim of this paper is to investigate and demonstrate ...
The aim of this paper is to investigate and demonstrate ...