Fluidized ion exchange (FIX) to control NOM fouling in ultrafiltration Ghent University
To control NOM fouling, either NOM or hardness ions can be (partly) removed before membrane filtration. In this work, anion Fluidized Ion Exchange (FIX) is used to remove NOM from untreated surface water and cation FIX is used to remove calcium and magnesium ions from untreated surface water. The effect of calcium and magnesium removal by cation FIX is studied in lab-scale ultrafiltration (UF). FIX was successful in treating untreated surface ...