Publications

Extreme ultra-violet lithography (EUVL) is the leading-edge technology to produce advanced nanoelectronics. The further development of EUVL is heavily based on implementing the so-called high numerical aperture (NA) EUVL, which will enable even smaller pitches up to 8 nm half pitch (HP). In anticipation of this high NA technology, it is crucial to assess the readiness of the current resist materials for the high NA regime to comply with the ...

Four different types of FINs; amorphous Si (a-Si), annealed a-Si, polycrystalline Si (poly-Si) and crystalline Si (c-Si) were used to investigate the effect of interfacial strength and the length of structures on the physical cleaning window by measuring their collapse forces by atomic force microscope (AFM). A transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a nano-needle with a nano-manipulator in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed ...

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. In this study, Cu nanoparticles prepared by chemical reduction method, were doped into flux (0–2 wt%) and disseminated to the pure Sn solder ball at 250. The enhanced spreading rate due to use of nanoparticles, increased the base diameter (W) and decreased the height (H) of the solder at constant volume. The finite element analysis for Cu concentration, temperature and velocity; in relation to the magnitudes of W and H show ...

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Self-assembly refers to the process by which colloidal particles or other discrete components, such as viruses or bacteria, spontaneously organize into ordered, macroscopic structures. Essential is that the colloidal building blocks undergo this restructuring process either through direct interactions, such as interparticle forces, or indirectly using a template or an external field. Recent advances have highlighted the similarity between the ...

© 2012 American Chemical Society. The behavior of polymers confined in ultrathin films (thickness < 200 nm) can sensitively differ from that observed in macroscopic samples. Based on the simple arguments of finite size and interfacial effects, film thickness, and surface interactions should be sufficient to univocally determine the deviation from bulk behavior. However, recent models suggest that a third key parameter, namely, the interfacial ...

This paper studies the effect of interfacial areas (air-water interfaces and solid-water interfaces) on material strength of unsaturated granular materials. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography technique is employed to measure the interfacial areas in wet glass bead samples. The scanned 3D images are trinarized into three phases and meshed into representative volume elements (RVEs). An appropriate RVE size is selected to represent adequate ...

© 2018 The Authors. Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles (nanofluids) are materials of interest for thermal engineering, because their heat transfer properties are typically enhanced as compared to the base fluid one. Effective medium theory provides popular models for estimating the overall thermal conductivity of nanofluids based on their composition. In this article, the accuracy of models based on the Bruggeman approximation is assessed. ...