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Altered expression of cytokines in mice infected intranasally with two syncytial variants of Herpes simplex virus type 1 Ghent University
A Herpes Simplex Virus 1 DNA Polymerase Multidrug Resistance Mutation Identified in a Patient With Immunodeficiency and Confirmed by Gene Editing KU Leuven
BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus 1 can cause severe infections in individuals who are immunocompromised. In these patients, emergence of drug resistance mutations causes difficulties in infection management. METHODS: Seventeen herpes simplex virus 1 isolates were obtained from orofacial/anogenital lesions in a patient with leaky severe combined immunodeficiency over 7 years, before and after stem cell transplantation. Spatial/temporal evolution ...
Construction of an oncolytic herpes simplex virus that precisely targets hepatocellular carcinoma cells KU Leuven
Selective replication in tumor cells is a highly desirable feature for oncolytic viruses. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in controlling gene expression, and that certain tissue-specific miRNAs are frequently downregulated in malignant cells. miR-122 is a liver-specific microRNA. It is abundantly expressed in normal hepatocytes but is absent in many hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We hypothesized that ...
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Induces Immunogenic Cell Death Resulting in Maturation of BDCA-1+ Myeloid Dendritic Cells Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Recently, a paradigm shift has been established for oncolytic viruses (OVs) as it was shown that the immune system plays an important role in the specific killing of tumor cells by OVs. OVs have the intrinsic capacity to provide the right signals to trigger anti-tumor immune responses, on the one hand by delivering virus-derived innate signals and on the other hand by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is accompanied by the release of ...
Herpes simplex virus reactivation among severe COVID-19 patients University of Antwerp
Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reactivation in the airways is a common finding among patients admitted to the intensive care unit and has been more recently been reported in critically ill COVID19 patients. Evidence suggests that HSV-1 reactivation in critically ill patients may be associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, there is conflicting data about whether treatment with acyclovir impacts outcomes. ...
A European multi-centre External Quality Assessment (EQA) study on phenotypic and genotypic methods used for herpes simplex virus (HSV) drug resistance testing KU Leuven
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) drug resistance is a significant public health concern among immunocompromised individuals. Phenotypic assays are considered the gold standard method for detecting HSV drug resistance. However, plaque reduction assays (PRAs) are technically demanding, often with long turnaround times of up to four weeks. In contrast, genotypic tests can be performed within a few days.
Herpes simplex virus drug-resistance: new mutations and insights KU Leuven
Acyclovir (ACV) is the first-line treatment for the management of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) diseases. Long-term administration of the drug for the treatment of chronic infections in the immunocompromised host can lead to the development of ACV-resistance. This review provides an update of the mutations linked to drug-resistance and issues to be considered in the management of HSV infections refractory to antiviral therapy.
Hemophagocytic syndrome due to Herpes simplex virus after hysteroscopy KU Leuven
Hemophagocytic syndrome is an uncommon but life-threatening complication of Herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 infection. Diagnosis is difficult to establish given the low specificity of clinical and biological signs.
Association between herpes simplex virus type 2 and HIV-1 in a population of married couples from Dakar, Senegal University of Antwerp
Numerous studies suggest that herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) increases the risk of HIV-1 infection but recent clinical trials of HSV-2 suppressive therapy failed to show an effect. We assessed the putative association between HSV-2 and HIV-1 in a population of HIV-concordant-negative, HIV-1-discordant and HIV-1-concordant-positive married couples from Dakar, Senegal. In agreement with previous studies, we observed a strong overall ...