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Antiviral drug-resistance typing reveals compartmentalization and dynamics of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) in a case of neonatal herpes KU Leuven
A neonate suffering from herpes simplex virus type 2 disease with central nervous system involvement developed an early recurrence under acyclovir therapy. Isolates from the cerebrospinal fluid and skin lesions were acyclovir resistant, while viruses from blood and trachea were not. Acyclovir combined with foscavir followed by long-term suppressive acyclovir therapy supported normal neurological development.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Coinfection Modifies Adeno-associated Virus Genome End Recombination KU Leuven
Wild-type adeno-associated virus (AAV) can only replicate in the presence of helper factors, which can be provided by coinfecting helper viruses such as adenoviruses and herpesviruses. The AAV genome consists of a linear, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which is converted into different molecular structures within the host cell. Using high-throughput sequencing, we found that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) coinfection leads to a shift in the type ...
Th2 biased upper airway inflammation is associated with an impaired response to viral infection with Herpes simplex virus 1 Ghent University
Partner-concurrency associated with herpes simplex virus 2 infection in young South Africans Hasselt University University of Antwerp
Whilst much is known about the individual-level risk factors for herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection, little is known about why only some populations develop generalized HSV-2 epidemics. This study aims to assess the extent to which partner-concurrency (a factor which operates at both the partnership-and network-level) may be responsible. We utilized multivariate logistic regression to analyse the relationship between HSV-2 seropositivity ...
Basic chemokine-derived glycosaminoglycan binding peptides exert antiviral properties against dengue virus serotype 2, herpes simplex virus-1 and respiratory syncytial virus Vrije Universiteit Brussel KU Leuven
Chemokines attract leukocytes to sites of infection in a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dependent manner. Therefore, chemokines are crucial molecules for proper functioning of our antimicrobial defense mechanisms. In addition, some chemokines have GPCR-independent defensin-like antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Recently, high affinity for GAGs has been reported for the positively charged ...
A combined immunotherapy for melanoma using herpes simplex virus I derived oncolytic viruses and conventional dendritic cells Vrije Universiteit Brussel
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Among all different types of cancer, melanoma is situated in the top twenty most occurring cancer types in the world. For a long time, cancer treatment was largely based on three standard therapies; namely surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. During the last decade, immunotherapy has taken an increasingly prominent place in cancer ...
Association between herpes simplex virus type 2 and HIV-1 in a population of married couples from Dakar, Senegal Institute of Tropical Medicine
Numerous studies suggest that herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) increases the risk of HIV-1 infection but recent clinical trials of HSV-2 suppressive therapy failed to show an effect. We assessed the putative association between HSV-2 and HIV-1 in a population of HIV-concordant-negative, HIV-1-discordant and HIV-1-concordant-positive married couples from Dakar, Senegal. In agreement with previous studies, we observed a strong overall ...
Can we reduce the spread of HIV infection by suppressing herpes simplex virus type 2 infection? Institute of Tropical Medicine
Overwhelming evidence from observational epidemiological studies indicates that herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection enhances the risk of acquiring HIV infection. Studies of genital shedding of HIV have suggested that HSV-2 infection also increases the onward transmission of HIV-1 by HIV/HSV-2 co-infected patients. Several randomized controlled trials were initiated to assess the impact of HSV-2 suppressive therapy on the acquisition of ...
A new class of dual-targeted antivirals: monophosphorylated acyclovir prodrug derivatives suppress both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 KU Leuven
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) are responsible for 2 intersecting epidemics in which the disease caused by 1 virus facilitates the transmission of and pathogenesis by the other. Therefore, suppression of one virus infection will affect the other. Acyclovir, a common antiherpetic drug, was shown to directly suppress both viruses in coinfected tissues. However, both antiviral ...