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Outcome measures for electric field modeling in tES and TMS: A systematic review and large-scale modeling study Hasselt University KU Leuven

Sybren VAN HOORNWEDER, Marten NUYTS, Joana FRIESKE, Stefanie VERSTRAELEN, Raf MEESEN, Kevin A. Caulfield
Background: Electric field (E-field) modeling is a potent tool to estimate the amount of transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation (TMS and tES, respectively) that reaches the cortex and to address the variable behavioral effects observed in the field. However, outcome measures used to quantify E-fields vary considerably and a thorough comparison is missing.Objectives: This two-part study aimed to examine the different outcome measures ...

Template MRI scans reliably approximate individual and group-level tES and TMS electric fields induced in motor and prefrontal circuits Hasselt University

Jennifer Y. Cho, Sybren VAN HOORNWEDER, Christopher T. Sege, Michael U. Antonucci, Lisa M. Mcteague, Kevin A. Caulfield
Background: Electric field (E-field) modeling is a valuable method of elucidating the cortical target engagement from transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), but it is typically dependent on individual MRI scans. In this study, we systematically tested whether E-field models in template MNI-152 and Ernie scans can reliably approximate group-level E-fields induced in N = 195 individuals across 5 ...