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Factors confounding the assessment of reflection : a critical review Ghent University

Sebastiaan Koole, Tim Dornan, Leen Aper, Albert Scherpbier, Martin Valcke, Janke Cohen-Schotanus, Anselme Derese
Background: Reflection on experience is an increasingly critical part of professional development and lifelong learning. There is, however, continuing uncertainty about how best to put principle into practice, particularly as regards assessment. This article explores those uncertainties in order to find practical ways of assessing reflection. Discussion: We critically review four problems: 1. Inconsistent definitions of reflection; 2. Lack of ...

Outlier detection for foot complaint diagnosis: modeling confounding factors using metric learning University of Antwerp

Brian Booth, Noel L.W. Keijsers, Jan Sijbers
Diagnosing foot complaints using plantar pressure videos is complicated by the presence of confounding factors (e.g. age, weight). Outlier detection could help with diagnosis, but these confounding factors result in data that is not independent and identically distributed (IID) with respect to a specific patient. To address this non-IID problem, we propose the modeling of confounding factors using metric learning. A distance metric is learned on ...

Confounding factors influencing amyloid Beta concentration in cerebrospinal fluid Vrije Universiteit Brussel University of Antwerp

Maria Bjerke, Lennart Minthon, Anders Wallin, Henrik Anckarsäter, Rolf Anckarsäter, Niels Andreasen, Henrik Zetterberg, Ulf Andreasson, Kaj Blennow

Background. Patients afflicted with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit a decrease in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of the 42 amino acid form of beta-amyloid (Abeta(42)). However, a high discrepancy between different centers in measured Abeta(42) levels reduces the utility of this biomarker as a diagnostic tool and in monitoring the effect of disease modifying drugs. Preanalytical and analytical confounding factors were examined ...

Confounding factors affecting faecal egg count reduction as a measure of anthelmintic efficacy Ghent University

Eric R. Morgan, Carlos Lanusse, Laura Rinaldi, Johannes Charlier, Jozef Vercruysse
Increasing anthelmintic resistance (AR) in livestock has stimulated growing efforts to monitor anthelmintic effectiveness (AE) on livestock farms. On-farm assessment of AE relies on measuring the reduction in faecal egg count (FEC) following treatment; and if conducted rigorously, qualifies as a formal FEC reduction test (FECRT) for AR. Substantial research effort has been devoted to designing robust protocols for the FECRT and its statistical ...

Stakeholder Analysis on Ecosystem Services of Lake Manyara Sub-basin (Tanzania): How to Overcome Confounding Factors Hasselt University KU Leuven

Luc Janssens de Bisthoven, Maarten VANHOVE, Anne-Julie Rochette, Jean HUGE, Luc Brendonck
Ecosystem services are a telling concept to discuss the integrated management of natural resources, such as integrated water and soil, with non-academic stakeholders. Stakeholders have different perceptions regarding the management of various ecosystem services, which is challenging when aiming to develop and foster sustainable ecosystem management. We performed a stakeholder analysis as part of a social-ecological study in preparation of a ...

Incidence, severity, mortality and confounding factors for dissecting AAA detection in angiotensin II-infused mice: a meta analysis Ghent University

Bram Trachet, Rodrigo Fraga-Silva, Philippe Jacquet, Nikolaos Stergiopulos, Patrick Segers
Aims While angiotensin II-infused mice are the most popular model for preclinical aneurysm research, representative data on incidence, severity, and mortality of dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have never been established, and the influence of confounding factors is unknown. Methods and Results We performed a meta-analysis including 194 manuscripts representing 1679 saline-infused, 4729 non-treated angiotensin II-infused, and 4057 ...

Recommendations to standardize preanalytical confounding factors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers Vrije Universiteit Brussel University of Antwerp

Marta del Campo, Brit Mollenhauer, Antonio Bertolotto, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Harald Hampel, Anja Hviid Simonsen, Elisabeth Kapaki, Niels Kruse, Nathalie Le Bastard, Sylvain Lehmann, et al.

Early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD) is needed to slow down or halt the disease at the earliest stage. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers can be a good tool for early diagnosis. However, their use in clinical practice is challenging due to the high variability found between centers in the concentrations of both AD CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau) and PD ...