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Community sanctions : a comparative study between China and Europe Ghent University
‘One cannot legislate kindness’: Ambiguities in European legal instruments on non-custodial sanctions Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Non-custodial sanctions, particularly those that are implemented in the community, have different historical roots in common- and civil-law jurisdictions. Nevertheless, various European instruments seek to shape the imposition and implementation of such sanctions uniformly across the continent. These instruments reflect an apparent consensus about penal values, culminating in 1992 with the adoption of the European Rules on Community Sanctions ...
Bamboo charcoal enhances cellulase and urease activities during chicken manure composting : roles of the bacterial community and metabolic functions Ghent University
Optimized R functions for analysis of ecological community data using the R virtual laboratory (RvLab) Ghent University
Wood biomass functions for Acacia abyssinica trees and shrubs and implications for provision of ecosystem services in a community managed exclosure in Tigray, Ethiopia KU Leuven
In the Ethiopian highlands, remarkable recovery of vegetation has been achieved using exclosures, protecting vegetation against livestock browsing and firewood harvesting. But these emerging forest resources require tools for sustainable use, implying knowledge on biomass stocks and growth. In this study we developed biomass functions estimating total, stem and branch biomass from diameter at stump height (DSH) and tree height (H) for an 11-year ...
Immunity, inviolability and countermeasures : a closer look at non-UN targeted sanctions Ghent University
The beliefs and practice of enforcing collective obligations through unilateral sanctions Ghent University
This doctoral thesis addresses the legality and efficacy of unilateral sanctions adopted by States and the European Union, the international organization that is the most active unilateral sanctions sender, as a means to enforce obligations erga omnes (partes).The initial purpose of this study was to research the development of custom pertaining to international law’s enforcement, notably whether the members of the international community have ...
The macroinvertebrate and nematode community from soft sediments in impounded sections of the river Elbe near Pardubice, Czech Republic University of Antwerp
In 2005 and 2006, the macroinvertebrate and nematode community from soft sediment areasin impounded sections of the river Elbe in the Czech Republic near Pardubice was investigated. 99 macroinvertebrate taxa, most of them belonging to the Oligochaeta and the Chironomidae, were found with total abundance ranging between 1526 and 6067 ind./m². The total number of nematode taxa was 45, their total abundance varied between 16 726 and 17 235 ind./m². ...