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Understanding the burden of disease in Nepal: a call for local evidence Institute of Tropical Medicine

B. Devleesschauwer, A. Ale, L. Duchateau, Pierre Dorny, R. Lake, P. Dhakal, S.B. Pun, B.D. Pandey, Niko Speybroeck
The burden of disease, most commonly expressed in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years, has become a crucial component in decision making processes within the health sector. In Nepal, however, burden of disease estimates are scarce and lack representativeness. To improve our understanding of the burden of disease in Nepal and thereby increase the efficiency of health policies, there is an urgent need to strengthen thelocal evidencebased. All ...

Bayesian estimation of true prevalence, sensitivity and specificity of indirect ELISA, Rose Bengal Test and Slow Agglutination Test for the diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats in Bangladesh Institute of Tropical Medicine

Anisur Rahman, C Saegerman, D. Berkvens, D. Fretin, M.O. Gani, M. Ershaduzzaman, M.U. Ahmed, E.N. Abatih
The true prevalence of brucellosis and diagnostic test characteristics of three conditionally dependent serological tests were estimated using the Bayesian approach in goats and sheep populations of Bangladesh. Serum samples from a random selection of 636 goats and 1044 sheep were tested in parallel by indirect ELISA (iELISA), Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Slow Agglutination Test (SAT). The true prevalence of brucellosis in goats and sheep were ...

Prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in Vellore, South India Institute of Tropical Medicine

V.R. Mohan, J. Tharmalingam, J Muliyil, A Oommen, Pierre Dorny, J. Vercruysse, R. Vedantam
BACKGROUND: Porcine cysticercosis is acquired by pigs through consumption of human faeces containing Taenia solium ova and indicates the presence of active transmission of the parasite between pigs and humans. METHODS: The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was assessed by an antigen ELISA and enzyme linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) for antibodies in rural and urban areas of southern India. RESULTS: Of the 112 porcine blood samples, 13 ...

Complexities in using sentinel pigs to study Taenia solium transmission dynamics under field conditions Institute of Tropical Medicine

B. Devleesschauwer, A. Aryal, J. Tharmalingam, D.D. Joshi, Suman Rijal, Niko Speybroeck, Sarah Gabriël, B. Victor, Pierre Dorny
The transmission dynamics of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, remain a matter of research and debate. In a longitudinal field study performed in southeastern Nepal, 18 sentinel pigs were serologically monitored to study the field kinetics of Taenia antigens and anti-T. solium antibodies. At the end of the twelve months' study period, necropsy was performed and suspected lesions were subjected to molecular identification of the Taenia species. ...

Village health workers in Bihar, India: an untapped resource in the struggle against kala-azar Institute of Tropical Medicine

P. Malaviya, Epco Hasker, R.P. Singh, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Marleen Boelaert, Shyam Sundar
INTRODUCTION: In 2005 a visceral leishmaniasis (VL) elimination initiative was launched on the Indian subcontinent; important components of early case finding and treatment are entrusted to the primary health care system (PHC). In an earlier study in Bihar, India, we discovered some major shortcomings in implementation, in particular related to monitoring of treatment and treatment outcomes. These shortcomings could be addressed through ...