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Overcoming publication and dissemination bias in infectious diseases clinical trials Institute of Tropical Medicine

Martin P. Grobusch, Claire Ruiz Del Portal Luyten, Benjamin Jelle Visser, Hanna K de Jong, Abraham Goorhuis, Thomas Hanscheid

Non-timely reporting, selective reporting, or non-reporting of clinical trial results are prevalent and serious issues. WHO mandates that summary results be available in registries within 12 months of study completion and published in full text within 24 months. However, only a limited number of clinical trials in infectious diseases, including those done during the COVID-19 pandemic, have their results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov. An ...

Duration of Fever in Patients with Dengue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Institute of Tropical Medicine

Carl Gregory Boodman, Christelle Genevieve Jouego, Steven Van Den Broucke
Dengue is an acute febrile illness endemic to tropical countries and associated with high mortality rates. Despite being a viral infection, there is rampant misuse of antibiotics in patients with dengue because of perceived delay in defervescence and fear of secondary bacterial infections. Therefore, there is a need to establish the average fever duration with a confidence interval among patients with dengue. Studies up to October 21, 2022 from ...

Dissemination and outcome reporting bias in clinical malaria intervention trials: a cross-sectional analysis Institute of Tropical Medicine

L Pool, CRD Luyten, RW van der Pluijm, Patrick Soentjens, Thomas Hanscheid, Martin P. Grobusch, Benjamin Jelle Visser
Background
Dissemination and outcome reporting biases are a signifcant problem in clinical research, with farreaching implications for both scientifc understanding and clinical decision-making. This study investigates the prevalence of dissemination- and outcome reporting biases in registered interventional malaria research.
Methods
All malaria interventional trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov from 2010 to 2020 were ...

Assessing viral metagenomics for the diagnosis of acute undifferentiated fever in returned travellers: a multicenter cohort study Institute of Tropical Medicine

Daniel Camprubí-Ferrer, A Tomazatos, Leire Balerdi-Sarasola, LG Cobuccio, Steven Van Den Broucke, B Horváth, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Miguel J. Martinez, J Gandasegui, Carme Subirà, et al.
Background
Up to 45% of febrile returning travellers remain undiagnosed after a thorough diagnostic work-up, even at referral centres. Although metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has emerged as a promising tool, evidence of its usefulness in imported fever is very limited.

Methods
Travellers returning with fever were prospectively recruited in three referral clinics from November 2017 to November 2019. Unbiased ...

Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis: A retrospective analysis of timing of initiation and antibody responses in a Belgian cohort Institute of Tropical Medicine KU Leuven

Matilde Hens, Steven Declercq, Nicole Berens-Riha, Ula Maniewski-Kelner, Caroline Theunissen, Steven Van Den Broucke, Felix De Bièvre, Isabel Brosius, Laurens Liesenborghs, Christophe Van Dijck, et al.
Background
We aimed to determine the timeliness of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and the proportion of individuals with an adequate antibody response post-PEP among those attending the Belgian national reference center.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of patient records who attended our center from 2018 to 2023. Delay was defined as rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) and vaccine initiation beyond 2 calendar days after ...

Doxycycline vs azithromycin in patients with scrub typhus: a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis Institute of Tropical Medicine

Nitin Gupta, Carl Gregory Boodman, Christelle Genevieve Jouego, Steven Van Den Broucke

INTRODUCTION: Scrub typhus is a bacterial mite-borne disease associated with poor clinical outcomes if not treated adequately. The study aimed to compare the time to defervescence, clinical failure, mortality and treatment-related adverse effects of two common drugs (doxycycline and azithromycin) used for its treatment.

METHODOLOGY: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. All studies up to 20.03.2023 were screened for ...

Intestinal helminthic infections: a narrative review to guide the hepatogastroenterologist Institute of Tropical Medicine Vrije Universiteit Brussel

M Vanhooren, Anke Stoefs, Steven Van Den Broucke, Marjan Van Esbroeck, T Demuyser, S Kindt

Intestinal helminthic infections are not uncommon in Western Europe, mainly due to modern travel, emigration and globalization. Moreover, some helminthic infections are endemic in Western Europe and are part of the everyday clinical practice. The hepatogastroenterologist should therefore recognize and manage these patients or at least refer them to appropriate reference centers. Signs and symptoms are often unspecific or even absent. ...

Microscopic detection of intestinal Sarcocystis infection diagnosed in international travelers at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, from 2001 to 2020 Institute of Tropical Medicine

Steven Van Den Broucke, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Emmanuel Bottieau

Although a stay in tropical regions is considered a risk factor for acquiring Sarcocystis infection, to date intestinal sarcocystosis has never been described in returning travelers. We did a retrospective cross-sectional study, retrieving all Sarcocystis spp. microscopy-positive stool results of individuals who attended the travel clinic of the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp in the period from 2001 to 2020. We reviewed the medical ...