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Epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in the Greater Horn of Africa: A systematic review Institute of Tropical Medicine

Weldegebrial G Aregawi, Bruno Levecke, H Ashenafi, Charles Byaruhanga, Nigatu Kebede, Erastus Mulinge, Marion Wassermann, Thomas Romig, Pierre Dorny, Veronique Dermauw, et al.
Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected zoonotic disease that is caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), the life cycle of which involves multiple hosts. We conducted a systematic review (SR) on E. granulosus s.l. in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA), to provide a picture of its recent epidemiology across all hosts.

Methods
For this SR, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for ...

Concordance between two monoclonal antibody-based antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for measuring cysticercal antigen levels in sera from pigs experimentally infected with Taenia solium and Taenia hydatigena Institute of Tropical Medicine

Gianfranco Arroyo, Luz Milagros Toribio, S Garrido, N Chile, T Lopez-Urbina, Luis A Gomez-Puerta, M Muro, Robert H Gilman, Yesenia Castillo, Pierre Dorny, et al.
Background
Antigen detection in Taenia solium cysticercosis confirms viable infection in the intermediate host (either pig or human). The reference B158/B60 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based Ag-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity in human neurocysticercosis with multiple brain cysts, although its sensitivity is lower in cases with single brain cysts, whereas in porcine cysticercosis ...

An investigation into Toxoplasma gondii at the humanlivestock-wildlife interface, South Africa Institute of Tropical Medicine

Refilwe Philadelphia Bokaba, Veronique Dermauw, Darshana Morar-Leather, Pierre Dorny, L van Schalkwyk, L. Neves
Interface areas shared by humans, domestic and wild animals may serve as high transmission contexts for Toxoplasma gondii. However, knowledge about the epidemiology of T. gondii in such areas is currently limited. The present study assessed the seroprevalence of T. gondii in different hosts from Mpumalanga, South Africa. Furthermore, we investigated the local knowledge and related practices about T. gondii by conducting a questionnaire study in ...

Environmental influence on abundance and infection patterns of snail intermediate hosts of liver and intestinal flukes in North and Central Vietnam Institute of Tropical Medicine

Phuong Thi Xuan Nguyen, Pierre Dorny, Hien Van Hoang, B Losson, B Mignon, Dung Thi Bui
Liver and intestinal flukes (LIF) are important groups of foodborne zoonotic trematodes (FZTs) in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam. Their complex life cycles require specific freshwater snail species as the obligatory first intermediate hosts. In 2019, we conducted a longitudinal study in Yen Bai and Thanh Hoa provinces in North and Central Vietnam, respectively, to investigate the diversity of LIF and their infection prevalence in relation to ...

Consistent measurement of parasite-specific antigen levels in sera of patients with neurocysticercosis using two different Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays Institute of Tropical Medicine

Yesenia Castillo, Luz Milagros Toribio, Carlos A Guzman, Gianfranco Arroyo, Ligia Maria Cruz Espinoza, Herbert Saavedra, Javier A Bustos, Pierre Dorny, Seth E O'Neal, HH Garcia, et al.
Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a complementary diagnosis technique for neurocysticercosis (NCC), which detects circulating parasite antigen (Ag) indicative of viable infection and Ag levels that correlate well with the parasite burden. In this study, we compared the performance of two Ag-ELISA techniques for the detection of NCC. We assessed the agreement between our in-house TsW8/TsW5 Ag-ELISA and ...

Incidence of fish-borne trematode infections and associated factors: results from a cohort study in highly endemic communities in northern Vietnam Institute of Tropical Medicine

Veronique Dermauw, Dung Thi Bui, Hafid Dahma, Trung Dung Do, Pierre Dorny, Bertrand Losson, Olivier Vandenberg

Fish-borne trematodes (FiBT) are an important group of zoonotic parasites negatively affecting human health, mainly in Asia. Most studies on FiBT have applied a cross-sectional design, which provides weaker evidence on potential risk factors for transmission than a cohort study. This cohort study aimed to estimate the incidence and identify associated risk factors for FiBT infection in Vietnam. Between April 2018 and May 2019, two communes in ...

Hydatid cyst detection by liver ultrasonography in sheep: impact of cyst abundance, viability and location Institute of Tropical Medicine

Fatima Ezzahra Amarir, Abdelkbir Rhalem, T. Marcotty, Pierre Dorny, Abderrahim Sadak, Rahma Azrib, Nathalie Kirschvink

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a major zoonosis in Morocco, common in most livestock including sheep. The objectives of this study, performed in sheep of different ages in the Middle Atlas in Morocco, were (1) to compare CE detection, CE count and cysts classification into viable and calcified by ante-mortem hepatic ultrasound (US) scanning and post-mortem macroscopic hepatic inspection and (2) to investigate post-mortem the hydatid cysts ...

Unravelling the genetic diversity and relatedness of Echinococcus multilocularis isolates in Eurasia using the EmsB microsatellite nuclear marker Institute of Tropical Medicine

Gerald Umhang, Vanessa Bastid, Hamza Avcioglu, Guna Bagrade, Miljenko Bujanic, Oliveira Bjelic Cabrilo, Adriano Casulli, Pierre Dorny, Joke van der Giessen, Esin Guven, et al.

The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, a severe helminthic zoonotic disease distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. The lifecycle of the parasite is mainly sylvatic, involving canid and rodent hosts. The absence of genetic data from most eastern European countries is a major knowledge gap, affecting the study of associations with parasite populations in Western Europe. In this study, EmsB ...

Insights on foodborne zoonotic trematodes in freshwater snails in North and Central Vietnam Institute of Tropical Medicine

Phuong Thi Xuan Nguyen, Hien Van Hoang, Huyen Thi Khanh Dinh, Pierre Dorny, Bertrand Losson, Dung Thi Bui, Laetitia Lempereur

Foodborne zoonotic trematode (FZT) infections are common neglected tropical diseases in Southeast Asia. Their complicated life cycles involve freshwater snails as intermediate hosts. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Yen Bai and Thanh Hoa provinces in North and Central Vietnam, to investigate the diversity of cercariae of potential FZT and to construct the phylogenetic relationship of trematode cercariae based on the Internal ...