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Attentional biases in anxiety and depression : current status and clinical considerations Ghent University
Learning in individual organisms, genes, machines, and groups : a new way of defining and relating learning in different systems. Ghent University
Learning is a central concept in many scientific disciplines. Communication about research on learning is, however, hampered by the fact that different researchers define learning in different ways. In this article, we introduce the extended functional definition of learning that can be used across scientific disciplines. We provide examples of how the definition can be applied to individual organisms, genes, machines, and groups. Using the ...
Effects on the affect misattribution procedure are strongly moderated by influence awareness Ghent University
The Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) is used in many areas of psychological science based on the assumption that it not only taps into attitudes and biases but does so without a person's awareness. Across eight preregistered studies (N = 1603) plus meta-analyses, we reexamined the 'implicitness' of AMP effects, and in particular, the idea that people are unaware of the prime's influence on their evaluations. Results indicated that AMP ...
On the structure of relational responding Ghent University
Relational Frame Theory (RFT, Hayes et al., 2001) predicts that some topographies of relational responding should map onto one another more closely than others. By extension, training one type of relational responding should differentially improve other relational responses as a function of their relatedness to the trained relation. We investigated these predictions in two experiments. Using an elaborated version of the Relational Abilities ...
The role of causal attributions in observational conditioning Ghent University KU Leuven
Our behavior towards a stimulus can change as a result of observing a regularity between that stimulus and someone else's emotional reaction, a type of social learning referred to as observational conditioning. We explore the idea that causal attributions (i.e., the extent to which the observer attributes the model's reaction to the stimulus) play an important role in observational conditioning effects. In three experiments (total N = 665), ...
A goal-directed account of action slips : the reliance on old contingencies Ghent University KU Leuven
A roadmap for future interactions between research on personality and learning Ghent University
In this introduction to the special collection of papers on the relation between learning and personality research, we provide a functional-cognitive framework that can guide interactions between learning and personality researchers. It highlights that learning researchers can treat personality variables as potential (first or second order) moderators of learning effects. They can also examine whether the effects of personality on learning ...
Instructing via relations : function transformations of response and consequence functions of upcoming contingencies Ghent University
One part of the relational frame theory account of rule-governed behavior is relational responses between elements of a rule and the behavioral and consequential components of the upcoming contingency. This study reports two experiments that used a novel task designed to exert contextual control over relational responses involving components of upcoming reinforcement contingencies. The task presents participants with a series of choices between ...