Publications

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Better programmatic outcome with the shorter regimen for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Guinea: a retrospective cohort stud Institute of Tropical Medicine

Souleymane Hassane-Harouna, Gba-Foromo Cherif, Nimer Ortuno-Gutierrez, Diao Cisse, Boubacar Djelo Diallo, Souleymane Camara, Adama Marie Bangoura, Lut Lynen, Tom Decroo

SETTING: Since August 2016, after the Ebola outbreak, the Guinean National Tuberculosis Programme and Damien Foundation implemented the shorter treatment regimen (STR) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the three MDR-TB sites of Conakry. Previously, the longer regimen was used to treat MDR-TB.

OBJECTIVES: In a post-Ebola context, with a weakened health system, we describe the MDR-TB treatment uptake, patients ...

A sister lineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex discovered in the African Great Lakes region Institute of Tropical Medicine

Jean Claude Semuto Ngabonziza, Chloé Loiseau, Michael Marceau, Agathe Jouet, Fabrizio Menardo, Oren Tzfadia, Rudy Antoine, Esdras Belamo Niyigena, Wim Mulders, Kristina Fissette, et al.

The human- and animal-adapted lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) are thought to have expanded from a common progenitor in Africa. However, the molecular events that accompanied this emergence remain largely unknown. Here, we describe two MTBC strains isolated from patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis, representing an as-yet-unknown lineage, named Lineage 8 (L8), seemingly restricted to the African Great Lakes ...

Challenges to differentiate hepatitis C genotype 1 and 6: results from a field study in Cambodia Institute of Tropical Medicine

Anja De Weggheleire, Irith De Baetselier, Sokkab An, Sylvie Goletti, Vanessa Suin, Sopheak Thai, Sven Francque, Tania Crucitti, Lut Lynen, Steven Van Gucht, et al.

INTRODUCTION: We aim to report on results and challenges of different methods used for hepatitis C (HCV) genotyping in a Cambodian HCV/HIV coinfection project.

METHODS: Samples of 106 patients were available. HCV genotyping was initially (63 samples) done by the LightPower Taqman real-time PCR method (Viet A Corp.) and quality controlled using the Versant 2.0 line probe assay (Siemens Healthcare). Next, following interim quality control ...

Injectables' key role in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis shorter treatment regimen outcomes Institute of Tropical Medicine

Tom Decroo, Aung Kya Jai Maug, Cécile Uwizeye, Mourad Gumusboga, Tine Demeulenaere, Nimer Ortuno-Gutierrez, Bouke de Jong, Armand Van Deun

Background Since a meta-analysis showed little or no effect of second-line injectables on treatment success, and using injectables may induce ototoxicity, injectable-free rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) treatment regimens are recommended. However, acquired resistance preventing activity was overlooked. No previous study assessed the effect of shortening the duration of kanamycin administration to 2 months during the intensive phase ...

The perceived impact of isoniazid resistance on outcome of first-line rifampicin-throughout regimens is largely due to missed rifampicin resistance Institute of Tropical Medicine

Armand Van Deun, Tom Decroo, Wim Mulders, Lut Lynen, Bouke de Jong, Hans L. Rieder

BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses on impact of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis informed the World Health Organization recommendation of a levofloxacin-strengthened rifampicin-based regimen. We estimated the effect of initial rifampicin resistance (Rr) and/or isoniazid resistance (Hr) on treatment failure or relapse. We also determined the frequency of missed initial and acquired Rr to estimate the impact of true Hr.

METHODS: Retrospective ...

Multidrug-resistant patients receiving treatment in Niger who are infected with M. tuberculosis Cameroon family convert faster in smear and culture than those with M. tuberculosis Ghana family Institute of Tropical Medicine

Mebrat Ejo Kitata, Mahamadou Bassirou Souleymane, Pauline Lempens, Cécile Uwizeye, Pim De Rijk Willem, Tom Decroo, Ermias Diro, Gabriela Torrea

In this study, we analyzed the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBc) population structure among multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients in Niger and tested whether the Cameroon family displayed a slower response to MDR-TB treatment. We genotyped baseline clinical isolates that had been collected from pulmonary MDR-TB patients recruited consecutively between 2008 and 2016 in Niger. Spoligotyping was used to analyze the genetic diversity of ...

First-line tuberculosis treatment with double-dose rifampicin is well tolerated Institute of Tropical Medicine

A.K.J. Maug, M A Hossain, Mourad Gumusboga, Tom Decroo, Wim Mulders, Sofie Braet, Jozefien Buyze, Céline Schurmans, Natacha Herssens

OBJECTIVE: To compare the occurrence of unfavourable treatment and safety outcomes of double-dose rifampicin (RMP; 20 mg/kg/d, intervention) with standard dose (10 mg/kg/d, control) in a first-line tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimen for smear-positive TB patients in Bangladesh.DESIGN: This was a randomised clinical trial. The primary efficacy and safety endpoints were the occurrence of an unfavourable treatment outcome (death, failure, ...

District-level strategies to control the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe: a practical example of precision public health Institute of Tropical Medicine

Richard Makurumidze, Tom Decroo, Lut Lynen, Zororo Kudzaishe Chinwadzimba, Wim Van Damme, James Hakim, Simbarashe Rusakaniko

OBJECTIVE: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study using survey and programme data to assess district-level performance along the HIV care cascade (HIV testing target achievement, linkage to ART and ART coverage) in order to formulate district-specific recommendations, taking into consideration prevalence and yield of testing.

RESULTS: Data from 60 districts were analysed. Forty-eight districts (80.0%) surpassed 90% of their ...