Title Participants Abstract "Further pitfalls in the diagnosis of mtDNA mutations: homoplasmic mt-tRNA mutations." "H. Tuppen, F. Fattori, R. Carrozzo, Massimo Zeviani, Salvatore Dimauro, Sara Seneca, J. Martindale, Se Olpin, E. Treacy, R. Mcfarland, F. Santorelli, R. Taylor" "BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are important causes of human genetic disease, with mutations in tRNA genes particularly prevalent. In many patients, mutations are heteroplasmic, affecting a population of mtDNA molecules. Establishing the pathogenicity of homoplasmic mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mutations, in which the mutation is present in every mtDNA molecule, is extremely difficult. These mutations must conform to specific pathogenic criteria, documenting unequivocally a functional defect of the mutant mt-tRNA. AIMS: To investigate the pathogenic nature of two homoplasmic mt-tRNA(Thr) deletions, m.15940delT (previously reported as pathogenic) and m.15937delA, by assessing the steady state levels of the mutant mt-tRNA in tissue and cell-line samples from six unrelated families, in which affected individuals were thoroughly investigated for mitochondrial DNA disease on the basis of clinical presentations. Rates of de novo mitochondrial protein synthesis were also examined in control and m.15937delA mutant fibroblasts. RESULTS: Our data strongly suggest that both single nucleotide deletions are neutral polymorphisms; no obvious defects were apparent in either steady state mt-tRNA(Thr) levels or rates of mitochondrial protein synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings have important implications for the investigation of other families with suspected mtDNA disease, in particular the requirement to fulfil strict and established pathogenic criteria in order to avoid misattribution of pathogenicity to mt-tRNA variants." "Comparative ex vivo, in vitro and in silico analyses of a CFTR splicing mutation: Importance of functional studies to establish disease liability of mutations" "Anabela Santo Ramalho Venâncio" "The Cystic Fibrosis p.Ile1234Val missense mutation actually creates a new dual splicing site possibly used either as a new acceptor or donor. Here, we aimed to test the accuracy of in silico predictions by comparing them with in vitro and ex vivo functional analyses of this mutation for an accurate CF diagnosis/prognosis. To this end, we applied a new in vitro strategy using a CFTR mini-gene which includes the complete CFTR coding sequence plus intron 22 (short version) which allows the assessment of alternatively spliced mRNA levels as well as the properties of the resulting abnormal CFTR protein regarding processing, intracellular localization and function. Our data demonstrate that p.Ile1234Val leads to usage of the alternative splicing donor (but not acceptor) resulting in alternative CFTR transcripts lacking 18 nts of exon 22 which produce a truncated CFTR protein with residual Cl- channel function. These results recapitulate data from native tissues of a CF patient. In conclusion, the existing in silico prediction models have limited application and ex vivo functional assessment of mutation effects should be made. Alternatively the in vitro strategy adopted here can be applied to assess the disease liability of mutations for an accurate CF diagnosis/prognosis." "Familial AML With Germline CEBPA Mutations: Extended Clinical Outcomes and Analysis Of Secondary Mutations Using Whole Exome Sequencing" "Kiran Tawana, Aline Renneville, Jun Wang, Panayiotis Georgiades, Xavier Thomas, Valerie Mialou, Aleksander Savic, Frederik W Van Delft, Jennifer G Treleaven, Sameena Iqbal, Norio Asou, Naokuni Uike, Konstanze Doehner, Lars Bullinger, Matthias Stelljes, Csaba Boedoer, James D Cavenagh, Doris Steinemann, Tim Ripperger, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Peter Vandenberghe, Anne Uyttebroeck, Josep F Nomdedeu, Henrik Hjorth-Hansen, Rosemary E Gale, Cynthia L Toze, Michael J Barnett, Marianna Zombori, Krisztian Kallay, Jiri Pavlu, Pim Mutsaers, Fred H Menko, Angela Thomas, Christine Wright, Jessica Okosun, Chey Loveday, Pierre Fenaux, Hamish Scott, Claude Preudhomme, Claude Chelala, Alison Male, Carolyn J Owen, Matthew Smith, Jude Fitzgibbon" "New ZMPSTE24 (FACE1) mutations in patients affected with restrictive dermopathy or related progeroid syndromes and mutation update" "Claire Laure Navarro, Vera Esteves-Vieira, Sébastien Courrier, Amandine Boyer, Thuy Duong Nguyen, Le Thi Thanh Huong, Peter Meinke, Winnie Schröder, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Yves Sznajer, David J Amor, Kristina Lagerstedt, Martine Biervliet, Peter C van den Akker, Pierre Cau, Patrice Roll, Nicolas Lévy, Catherine Badens, Manfred Wehnert, Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli" "Restrictive dermopathy (RD) is a rare and extremely severe congenital genodermatosis, characterized by a tight rigid skin with erosions at flexure sites, multiple joint contractures, low bone density and pulmonary insufficiency generally leading to death in the perinatal period. RD is caused in most patients by compound heterozygous or homozygous ZMPSTE24 null mutations. This gene encodes a metalloprotease specifically involved in lamin A post-translational processing. Here, we report a total of 16 families for whom diagnosis and molecular defects were clearly established. Among them, we report seven new ZMPSTE24 mutations, identified in classical RD or Mandibulo-acral dysplasia (MAD) affected patients. We also report nine families with one or two affected children carrying the common, homozygous thymine insertion in exon 9 and demonstrate the lack of a founder effect. In addition, we describe several new ZMPSTE24 variants identified in unaffected controls or in patients affected with non-classical progeroid syndromes. In addition, this mutation update includes a comprehensive search of the literature on previously described ZMPSTE24 mutations and associated phenotypes. Our comprehensive analysis of the molecular pathology supported the general rule: complete loss-of-function of ZMPSTE24 leads to RD, whereas other less severe phenotypes are associated with at least one haploinsufficient allele." "Mutation spectrum and clinical investigation of achromatopsia patients with mutations in the GNAT2 gene" "Julia Felden, Britta Baumann, Manir Ali, Isabelle Audo, Carmen Ayuso, Beatrice Bocquet, Ingele Casteels, Blanca Garcia-Sandoval, Samuel G Jacobson, Bernhard Jurklies, Ulrich Kellner, Line Kessel, Birgit Lorenz, Martin McKibbin, Isabelle Meunier, Thomy de Ravel, Thomas Rosenberg, Klaus Rüther, Maria Vadala, Bernd Wissinger, Katarina Stingl, Susanne Kohl" "Achromatopsia (ACHM) is a hereditary cone photoreceptor disorder characterized by the inability to discriminate colors, nystagmus, photophobia, and low-visual acuity. Six genes have been associated with this rare autosomal recessively inherited disease, including the GNAT2 gene encoding the catalytic α-subunit of the G-protein transducin which is expressed in the cone photoreceptor outer segment. Out of a cohort of 1,116 independent families diagnosed with a primary clinical diagnosis of ACHM, we identified 23 patients with ACHM from 19 independent families with likely causative mutations in GNAT2, representing 1.7% of our large ACHM cohort. In total 22 different potentially disease-causing variants, of which 12 are novel, were identified. The mutation spectrum also includes a novel copy number variation, a heterozygous duplication of exon 4, of which the breakpoint matches exactly that of the previously reported exon 4 deletion. Two patients carry just a single heterozygous variant. In addition to our previous study on GNAT2-ACHM, we also present detailed clinical data of these patients." "Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations" "Timothy R Rebbeck, Tara M Friebel, Eitan Friedman, Ute Hamann, Dezheng Huo, Ava Kwong, Edith Olah, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Angela R Solano, Soo-Hwang Teo, Mads Thomassen, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, TL Chan, Fergus J Couch, David E Goldgar, Torben A Kruse, Edenir Inêz Palmero, Sue Kyung Park, Diana Torres, Elizabeth J van Rensburg, Lesley McGuffog, Michael T Parsons, Goska Leslie, Cora M Aalfs, Julio Abugattas, Julian Adlard, Simona Agata, Kristiina Aittomäki, Lesley Andrews, Irene L Andrulis, Adalgeir Arason, Norbert Arnold, Banu K Arun, Ella Asseryanis, Leo Auerbach, Jacopo Azzollini, Judith Balmaña, Monica Barile, Rosa B Barkardottir, Daniel Barrowdale, Javier Benitez, Andreas Berger, Raanan Berger, Amie M Blanco, Kathleen R Blazer, Marinus J Blok, Valérie Bonadona, Bernardo Bonanni, Angela R Bradbury, Carole Brewer, Bruno Buecher, Saundra S Buys, Trinidad Caldes, Almuth Caliebe, Maria A Caligo, Ian Campbell, Sandrine M Caputo, Jocelyne Chiquette, Wendy K Chung, Kathleen Claes, J Margriet Collée, Jackie Cook, Rosemarie Davidson, Miguel de la Hoya, Kim De Leeneer, Antoine de Pauw, Capucine Delnatte, Orland Diez, Yuan Chun Ding, Nina Ditsch, Susan M Domchek, Cecilia M Dorfling, Carolina Velazquez, Bernd Dworniczak, Jacqueline Eason, Douglas F Easton, Ros Eeles, Hans Ehrencrona, Bent Ejlertsen, Christoph Engel, Stefanie Engert, D Gareth Evans, Laurence Faivre, Lidia Feliubadaló, Sandra Fert Ferrer, Lenka Foretova, Jeffrey Fowler, Debra Frost, Henrique CR Galvão, Patricia A. Ganz, Judy Garber, Marion Gauthier-Villars, Andrea Gehrig, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Paul Gesta, Giuseppe Giannini, Sophie Giraud, Gord Glendon, Andrew K Godwin, Mark H Greene, Jacek Gronwald, Angelica Gutierrez-Barrera, Eric Hahnen, Jan Hauke, Alex Henderson, Julia Hentschel, Frans BL Hogervorst, Ellen Honisch, Evgeny N Imyanitov, Claudine Isaacs, Louise Izatt, Angel Izquierdo, Anna Jakubowska, Paul James, Ramunas Janavicius, Uffe Birk Jensen, Esther M John, Joseph Vijai, Katarzyna Kaczmarek, Beth Y Karlan, Karin Kast, KConFab Investigators, Sung-Won Kim, Irene Konstantopoulou, Jacob Korach, Yael Laitman, Adriana Lasa, Christine Lasset, Conxi Lázaro, Annette Lee, Min Hyuk Lee, Jenny Lester, Fabienne Lesueur, Annelie Liljegren, Noralane M Lindor, Michel Longy, Jennifer T Loud, Karen H Lu, Jan Lubinski, Eva Machackova, Siranoush Manoukian, Véronique Mari, Cristina Martínez-Bouzas, Zoltan Matrai, Noura Mebirouk, Hanne EJ Meijers-Heijboer, Alfons Meindl, Arjen R Mensenkamp, Ugnius Mickys, Austin Miller, Marco Montagna, Kirsten B Moysich, Anna Marie Mulligan, Jacob Musinsky, Susan L Neuhausen, Heli Nevanlinna, Joanne Ngeow, Huu Phuc Nguyen, Dieter Niederacher, Henriette Roed Nielsen, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Robert L Nussbaum, Kenneth Offit, Anna Öfverholm, Kai-ren Ong, Ana Osorio, Laura Papi, Janos Papp, Barbara Pasini, Inge Sokilde Pedersen, Ana Peixoto, Nina Peruga, Paolo Peterlongo, Esther Pohl, Nisha Pradhan, Karolina Prajzendanc, Fabienne Prieur, Pascal Pujol, Paolo Radice, Susan J Ramus, Johanna Rantala, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Kerstin Rhiem, Mark Robson, Gustavo C Rodriguez, Mark T Rogers, Vilius Rudaitis, Ane Y Schmidt, Rita Katharina Schmutzler, Leigha Senter, Payal D Shah, Priyanka Sharma, Lucy E Side, Jacques Simard, Christian F Singer, Anne-Bine Skytte, Thomas P Slavin, Katie Snape, Hagay Sobol, Melissa Southey, Linda Steele, Doris Steinemann, Grzegorz Sukiennicki, Christian Sutter, Csilla I Szabo, Yen Y Tan, Manuel R Teixeira, Mary Beth Terry, Alex Teulé, Abigail Thomas, Darcy L Thull, Marc Tischkowitz, Silvia Tognazzo, Amanda Ewart Toland, Sabine Topka, Alison H Trainer, Nadine Tung, Christi J van Asperen, Annemieke H van der Hout, Lizet E van der Kolk, Rob B van der Luijt, Mattias Van Heetvelde, Liliana Varesco, Raymonda Varon-Mateeva, Ana Vega, Cynthia Villarreal-Garza, Anna von Wachenfeldt, Lisa Walker, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Bernhard HF Weber, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Sook-Yee Yoon, Cristina Zanzottera, Jamal Zidan, Kristin K Zorn, Christina G Hutten Selkirk, Peter J Hulick, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Amanda B Spurdle, Antonis C Antoniou, Katherine L Nathanson" "JAK/STAT Pathway Mutations in T-ALL, Including the STAT5B N642H Mutation, are Sensitive to JAK1/JAK3 Inhibitors." "Inge Govaerts, Cools J" "Prevalence and clinical association of gene mutations through Multiplex Mutation Testing in patients with NSCLC: Results from the ETOP Lungscape Project" "Peter Vandenberghe" "Reported prevalence of driver gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is highly variable and clinical correlations are emerging. Using NSCLC biomaterial and clinical data from the ETOP Lungscape iBiobank, we explore the epidemiology of mutations and association to clinicopathological features and patient outcome (relapse-free survival, time-to-relapse, overall survival)." "A recurrent neomorphic mutation in MYOD1 defines a clinically aggressive subset of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma associated with PI3K-AKT pathway mutations" "Raf Sciot" "Rhabdomyosarcoma, a cancer of skeletal muscle lineage, is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children. Major subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma include alveolar (ARMS) and embryonal (ERMS) tumors. Whereas ARMS tumors typically contain translocations generating PAX3-FOXO1 or PAX7-FOXO1 fusions that block terminal myogenic differentiation, no functionally comparable genetic event has been found in ERMS tumors. Here we report the discovery, through whole-exome sequencing, of a recurrent somatic mutation encoding p.Leu122Arg in the myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 in a distinct subset of ERMS tumors with poor outcomes that also often contain mutations altering PI3K-AKT pathway components. Previous mutagenesis studies had shown that MYOD1 with a p.Leu122Arg substitution can block wild-type MYOD1 function and bind to MYC consensus sequences, suggesting a possible switch from differentiation to proliferation. Our functional data now confirm this prediction. Thus, MYOD1 p.Leu122Arg defines a subset of rhabdomyosarcomas eligible for high-risk protocols and the development of targeted therapeutics." "A homozygous inactivating calcium-sensing receptor mutation, Pro339Thr, is associated with isolated primary hyperparathyroidism: correlation between location of mutations and severity of hypercalcaemia" "Bart Van Der Schueren, Roger Bouillon" P>Background