Harnessing Insect–Microbe Chemical Communications To Control Insect Pests

Biological control using arthropod natural enemies such as insect parasitoids and predators has become an important alternative way of pest management. However, there are still many cases where biocontrol efficacy is low, e.g. due to ineffective monitoring systems, lack of suitable sugars and the occurrence of hyperparasitoids that parasitize the primary parasitoids. Previous research has shown that microorganisms may emit diverse microbial volatiles (mVOCs), some of which may affect insect behavior. Despite an increased understanding of the role of mVOCs as insect semiochemicals, little is still known about their potential to be exploited in infochemical-based management strategies. The overall goal of this project is to study the chemical communication between microbes and insects, focussing on the suitability of microbial volatiles to enhance biocontrol efficacy of insect pests, particularly aphids. Specific aims of the project are (i) screening of microorganisms for production of effective insect attractants and repellents, (ii) optimization of existing monitoring systems by the use of microbial attractants, (iii) development of an insect-attracting feeding device using microbial attractants to lure natural enemies, and (iv) exploiting microbial attractants and repellents to manage hyperparasitoids. The project requires a multi-disciplinary research approach and combines microbiology, entomology and chemical ecology.