Mapping the plant-phage-bacterium interaction and impact of viral communities on plant health

With a continuously growing human population and limited resources, an intensification of agriculture is key to meet the growing demand for food. Pests and pathogens, including bacterial phytopathogens such as Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in brassica crops, contribute to approximately 30% of production losses worldwide and local outbreaks of diseases significantly impair food production. Bacteriophages are proposed as a valid strategy to control bacterial diseases. However, the interaction between phages and the plant, as well as the effect of viruses on the plant’s bacterial communities remains elusive. In this project, we will look into the plant-phage interaction by assessing the distribution of phages in plant tissues. Using a reporter collection of Arabidopsis thaliana, we will evaluate the plant responses to phages in general as this is to date unclear. Furthermore, we zoom in on the natural phageome of A. thaliana and its interaction with the bacterial community to give us fundamental insights. We will also assess the effects of well characterized phages that are taken up by the plant on its endo- and rhizosphere. Finally, effects of bacteriophages on beneficial microorganisms and their relation to biotic stress relief and plant growth will be evaluated. As such, this project serves as a benchmark for further research to look into the interaction between plants and their microbial community and the effects of viruses on this intimate interaction.